Kuthira kwa fungicide, ngakhale kuli kothandiza polimbana ndi matenda a zomera, kuli ndi malire ovuta omwe angawononge alimi mtendere wamumtima komanso kuchuluka kwa zokolola. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene tikanaphedwa ndi fungicides titha kusintha kuti tibwezere abale awo omwe anamwalira, kukulitsa kukana komwe kumapangitsa kuti mulingo wamba wa mankhwala opha bowa ukhale wosagwira ntchito.
Pofuna kuchepetsa kukana kwa fungicides, alimi amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakaniza a fungicides kuti athetse matenda a mafangasi omwe amachepetsa zokolola-kutengera kafukufuku wambiri wofotokoza momwe angapangire zosakanizazi. Komabe, kafukufukuyu samasulira kwathunthu ku zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi zomwe fungicide imodzi yakhalapo nthawi yayitali kuposa ina, ndikufunsa funso: ndi njira iti yabwino yogwiritsira ntchito zosakaniza za fungicide pamene milingo yoyambirira yolimbana ndi fungicide iliyonse. amasiyana?
Kuti ayankhe funsoli, Nick Taylor ndi Nik Cunniffe ochokera ku yunivesite ya Cambridge ku United Kingdom adapanga njira yosavuta, yowonjezereka pofufuza masamu omwe amaphatikizapo kubereka kwa kugonana kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe kawirikawiri zimaphatikizidwa mu maphunziro a chitsanzo ngakhale kuti ndizofunika kwambiri pazochitika zachisinthiko. matenda a fungal.
Pepala lawo, lofalitsidwa posachedwa mu Phytopathology, imagwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo ku matenda ofunika kwambiri pazachuma, Septoria tsamba lachitsamba pa tirigu, ndipo limapereka kusanthula kwakukulu kwa chisinthiko chake.
Taylor ndi Cunniffe amagwiritsa ntchito theoretical and masamu chitsanzo kupeza njira yabwino yothanirana ndi matenda pomwe ma frequency oyambilira olimbana ndi ma fungicides awiri osakaniza amasiyana. Chitsanzochi chikuwonetsa kuti malingaliro am'mbuyomu a kasamalidwe ka fungicides ndi ocheperako ndipo amatha kulephera muzochitika zenizeni.
Mosiyana ndi izi, njira zawo zatsopanozi ndizabwino kwambiri ngakhale ma frequency oyambilira amasiyana komanso ma fungicide parameters ndi gawo la pakati pa nyengo zoberekera pathogen zimasiyanasiyana. Komanso, amapeza kuti pakati-nyengo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kubereka zingakhudze kukula kwa kukana koma sizimakhudza bwino mulingo woyenera njira malingaliro.
Ngakhale kuti izi zingawoneke zovuta, Taylor akufotokoza kuti, "Chomwe chimasangalatsa kwambiri pa kafukufukuyu ndi lingaliro lakuti vuto lovuta ngati limeneli likhoza kukhala ndi yankho losavuta kwambiri. Ngakhale kuyang'anira kukana kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ku zosakaniza zomwe zili ndi ma fungicides omwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titha kukana ndizovuta komanso zovuta, njira yoyendetsera bwino kwambiri imagwira ntchito ndipo ndiyosavuta kunena: pulogalamu yogwiritsira ntchito fungicide iyenera kupangidwa kuti kukana kwa fungicides kukhale koyenera. kutha kwa programu.”
Pamapeto pake, njira yawo ikufuna kulinganiza kuchepetsa matenda ndi kasamalidwe ka kukana mwa kulinganiza kukana kwa fungicides onse mpaka kukana kwachuluka kwambiri kotero kuti pulogalamuyo imalephera.
Malingaliro awa ndi olimba pakusiyana kwa magawo omwe amayang'anira miliri ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso mphamvu ya fungicide, ndipo njira iyi ikatsimikiziridwa moyesera m'tsogolomu, zitha kukhudza malingaliro okhudza kasamalidwe koyenera kwa matenda aulimi. Cunniffe akuyembekeza "kukulitsa malingaliro awa kuti alole mitundu yovuta kwambiri kuphatikiza kukana kwa fungicide, komanso kukana njira zowongolera zomwe zimasiyana pakapita nthawi. ”