Hydroponics, greenhouses anzeru ndi geoinformation system - taphunzira zomwe zatsopano zimatha kukweza zokolola zathu kukhala mbiri.
Purezidenti wa Tajikistan Emomali Rahmon amakumbukira nthawi zonse kagwiritsidwe ntchito kabwino ka nthaka komanso kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito umisiri waluso kuti awonjezere zokolola. Koma izi zimachitika movutikira kwambiri - dehwan alibe ndalama zokwanira pa izi.
Ku Tajikistan, nkhani zazikulu zaulimi ndi minda ya Dehkan ndi ma cooperative.
Palibe malo ambiri oyenera kulima m'dziko la Republic.
Malo othirira amakhala pafupifupi mahekitala 700, pazaka 30 zapitazi dera lawo pa munthu aliyense latsika kuchokera pa mahekitala 0.12 kufika pa 0.06.
Masiku ano, ulimi ukukumana ndi mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo, chilala, chipululu ndi kusintha kwa nyengo, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa mchere ndi mankhwala, madzi osakwanira.
Pachifukwa ichi, kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano pazaulimi kumakhala ndi gawo lofunikira. Pali zambiri, koma tsopano tikambirana zisanu mwa izo.
1. Kulima mwachilungamo
Kulima mwatsatanetsatane kumatengera kumvetsetsa kuti nthaka ndi yamitundumitundu ndipo singalimidwe ndi mahekitala kapena minda wamba.
M’makonzedwe opereka chithandizo chambiri m’malo aulimi ku Tajikistan, njira imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa njira zothandiza kwambiri.
Kuti mupeze mbewu yabwinoko, ndikofunikira kuzikonza m'magawo osiyana, poganizira zamasamba, chinyezi ndi zokolola za nthaka. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito fetereza potengera mfundo ndiyofunikira, m'malo mongowonjezera umuna.
Zithunzi za satellite ndi ma UAV (magalimoto apamlengalenga osayendetsedwa) amathandizira kudziwa kusiyanasiyana kwa minda. Zomverera pamakina ndi minda zimakupatsani mwayi wowona malo, chinyezi, kutentha, ndi pH. Minda imagawidwa m'magawo ambiri ang'onoang'ono malinga ndi mtundu wa mbewu, nthaka, ndi zina.
Tekinoloje zaulimi wolondola zimasonkhanitsa ndikusanthula zonse zomwe mumachita pamunda.
Amathandizira kupanga zisankho mwachangu komanso kwanthawi yayitali: mbewu zobzala, pamalo omwe, feteleza kapena mankhwala ofunikira, ndi zina zambiri.
Izi zimafuna ndalama. Unduna wa Zaulimi ku Tajikistan walankhula kale ndi boma ndi lingaliro lokhazikitsa thumba lapadera lachitukuko chatsopano.
Ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kupanga mpikisano muzomera zamafakitale, kukhathamiritsa ubale wachuma mumgwirizano (zaulimi ndi ogula), kugula makina aulimi, mbewu ndi feteleza ndi njira zina zatsopano pokopa ndalama zakunja, thandizo laukadaulo ndi ngongole zokonda. .
2. Smart greenhouses
Mtsogoleri wa famu yamadzi ku Tajikistan Kholmurod Rahmon anakwaniritsa lonjezo lake lopatsa anthu madzi.
Kulima mbewu pamalo otsekedwa kumachotsa mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo. Iwo akufuna kulenga masiku analogues iwo m'malo chikhalidwe greenhouses.
Zitsanzo zoyamba zilipo kale ku Tajikistan, koma nyumba zobiriwira zatsopano zomwe zakonzedwa ziyenera kukhala ndi ukadaulo waposachedwa.
Zidzakhala zotheka kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a greenhouses kuchokera ku chipangizo chilichonse (kompyuta, laputopu, foni yamakono) yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi intaneti.
Mothandizidwa ndi lusoli, zidzatheka kulamulira nyengo ndi ulimi wothirira, kuyang'anira kukula kwa zomera pogwiritsa ntchito makamera, kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa feteleza wofunikira, kuyembekezera mavuto ndi matenda omwe angapangitse kuti ntchito yolima ulimi ikhale yabwino.
3. Hydroponics ndi ulimi wothirira
Tsopano m’maiko ambiri otsogola, zinthu zaulimi zimabzalidwa m’mitsuko yapadera chaka chonse. Nyengo yabwino imatheka chifukwa cha matekinoloje atsopano otengera kugwiritsa ntchito hydroponics.
Munda waukulu wokhala ndi ulimi wothirira m'boma la Khuroson.
Mwachitsanzo, minda yotereyi imatha kukhazikitsidwa ngakhale padenga la nyumba kapena malo ogulitsira, pomwe imapatsa anthu masauzande ambiri chakudya chatsopano.
Machitidwe a Hydroponics amakulolani kuti mukule mankhwala kuwirikiza kawiri ngati m'nthaka.
Ngati palibe zitsanzo za kugwiritsa ntchito hydroponics ku Tajikistan, koma pali zopambana pakulimbikitsa ulimi wothirira. Madzi amaperekedwa kudzera mu mipope ya pulasitiki kapena mapaipi ku chomera chilichonse. Njirayi imapulumutsa mpaka 70% ya madzi amthirira.
4. Geoinformation systems (GIS)
GIS imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ogwira ntchito zaulimi kuti aziwonera minda ngati mamapu. Lero akuvomerezedwa bwino ndi Komiti Yoyang'anira Malo ndi Geodesy ya Republic, koma alimi alibe mwayi wopeza.
Tajikistan ikupanga ulimi wa digito
GIS imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga masanjidwe a minda ndi zida. Zambiri zimawonetsedwa ngati zigawo. Wosanjikiza ndi gawo la munda, mwachitsanzo, chinyezi, mpumulo, kusiyana kwa kukwera, malo opangira hydro-reclamation, mbewu zaulimi.
Mwa kusinthana pakati pa makhalidwe osiyanasiyana, famu yaulimi ikhoza kupanga chithunzi chonse cha zomwe zikuchitika m'minda.
Mu GIS, mukuwona momwe ntchito yotuta ikuyendera, m'madera omwe zokolola zakolola kale, komanso kumene ntchito siinayambe. Mabizinesi aulimi amatha kuwona kuti ndi minda iti yomwe adathiridwapo mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso omwe sanathe, kaya mvula yagwa, kaya tizirombo tawoneka. Kapena kuyang'anitsitsa kayendedwe ka zida, yerekezerani mtengo wamafuta ndi mafuta odzola, mvetsetsani zifukwa zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira.
5. Mafamu anzeru
Njira zoyamba zopangira minda "yanzeru" zatengedwa kale ku Tajikistan. Mafamu a mkaka ku Tursunzad, Khuroson, Ashta, minda ya nkhuku ku Muminabad ndi madera ena akhala apainiya kumbali iyi.
Koma sitepe yotsatira iyenera kuchitidwa. Kuweta ziweto zopangira nyama ndi mkaka, nkhuku ndi nsomba, matekinoloje apakompyuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano omwe amawongolera kakulidwe ka nyama ndi mbalame, kudya chakudya, komanso kuwerengera zokolola.
Anzeru minda kuchepetsa msipu msipu wa ng'ombe, potero kupulumutsa ulimi ulimi, n'zotheka kuwonjezera madera tima ulimi wa chakudya mbewu, kusaganizira zotsatira za kunja zinthu, kuphatikizapo malowedwe a matenda.
Mapulogalamu opangidwa mwapadera a mafoni a m'manja amathandizira kuwerengera ndendende magawo onse a chakudya.
Dongosolo lanzeru limawerengera kuchuluka kofunikira kwa michere, mavitamini ndi mchere pagulu lililonse la nyama ndi mbalame, potero kukulitsa luso la kulima kwawo ndikupeza zinthu zomaliza - mkaka, nyama, ubweya, mazira.
Gwero: https://www.asiaplustj.info