Malinga ndi zotsatira za miyezi 10 ya 2022, kupanga champignon m'dziko lathu kunakwera ndi 16% pachaka.
Liwiro labwino. Nthawi zambiri, bizinesi ya bowa yakhala ikukula modabwitsa kwa zaka zingapo zotsatizana, kangapo kuposa kuchuluka kwapadziko lonse lapansi. Champignon amalamulira msika, opanga awo amaika nyimbo yofulumira. Kursk Mushroom Rainbow, yomwe imamera bowa wachisanu aliyense mdziko muno, yawonjezeranso kwambiri bowa pamsika m'miyezi yapitayi.
Agro-bizinesi ya Alexander Udodov ndi Oleg Logvinov inamangidwa "kuyambira pachiyambi" pafupi ndi Kursk.
Masamu opambana
Kuyambira Januware mpaka Okutobala, minda yaulimi idakula matani opitilira 110 a champignons. Zokolola zapamwezi zimaposa matani 11, zomwe ndi matani 1.5 kuposa chaka chapitacho. Kotero izo zinawerengedwa m'buku la "School of Mushroom Growing", lomwe limayang'anitsitsa zomwe zikuchitika pamsika wa bowa. Kumapeto kwa chaka, makampani akudikirira zolemba zatsopano, ndipo okayikira omwe adanena kuti kukula kwake kwatha akuyenera kuphunzitsidwanso kukhala oyembekezera. Champignon amalamulira msika, amawerengera oposa 90%. Amakula ndi Alexander Udodov ndi Oleg Logvinov's Mushroom Rainbow ndi zina zazikulu zowonjezera zowonjezera kutentha. Bowa wa oyisitara ndi wachiwiri, koma amakololedwa pang'ono, ndipo zokolola zake zimakhala zosakhazikika. Chiwopsezocho chidafika mu 2019, pomwe minda yaulimi idakula matani opitilira 6,300, kutsatiridwa ndi kuchepa kwa zaka ziwiri. Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka chino, pafupifupi matani 6,500 akuyembekezeka. Bowa wachilendo amapezeka pamsika mumitundu yosiyanasiyana. Izi ndi shiitake, eringi, flammulin, folitota, zomwe zakolola posachedwapa za enoki wagolide. Komabe, ma exotics ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali, ngakhale kupanga kukukulirakulira. Malinga ndi kulosera kwa SHG, matani 600 a bowa wachilendo adzakololedwa chaka chino.
Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa, kampaniyo yawonjezera kupezeka kwa champignon pamsika maulendo asanu ndi atatu
Pali zifukwa zingapo zogonjetsera msika mwachangu ndi ma champignon: mtengo wokongola, zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zabwino zophikira. Akatswiri angawonjezere ubwino wathanzi pano, koma ogula ochepa akudziwa izi. Mtengo, monga mwachizolowezi, ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Potengera masitolo aku Moscow, mitengo ya ma shampignon atsopano mu 2020 ndi 2021 idatsika kuchokera ku 310 mpaka 250 rubles / kg. Izi ndizofunikira. Chaka chino, mitengo ya ma champignon m'masitolo akuluakulu a likulu yawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 12%, yomwe ndi yocheperapo poyerekeza ndi nyama ndi chimanga. Chifukwa cha ndondomeko yamtengo wapatali yotereyi kwa makasitomala ndi mpikisano waukulu pamsika wa bowa. Posachedwapa, chiwerengero cha mafamu a bowa chapitirira theka. Makampani ang'onoang'ono sangathe kupirira mpikisano ndikusiya msika. Koma osewera akuluakulu, monga kampani ya Alexander Udodov ndi Oleg Logvinov, akuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kupanga.
Champignon ndiabwino kuphika mbale zosiyanasiyana kunyumba komanso m'gawo lazakudya. Zitha kuphikidwa, zokazinga, zophikidwa, zokazinga, zokazinga kapena kudyedwa zosaphika, mwachitsanzo mu saladi. Zidzakhala zosiyanasiyana kukoma, koma nthawi yomweyo chakudya chathanzi. Pakuwona phindu la thupi, ma champignon amatengedwa kuti ndi bowa wabwino kwambiri. Ndi zakudya zomwe zimaphatikizapo mapuloteni, ma amino acid onse ofunikira, CHIKWANGWANI (chitin), unsaturated mafuta acids, kufufuza zinthu, mavitamini amagulu B, C, D, nicotinic ndi folic acid, calcium, phosphorous, potaziyamu, chitsulo.
Chifukwa chake ma champignon atsopano ndiwo zakudya zapamwamba kwambiri. Tsoka ilo, ndizochepa zomwe zimadziwika za izi m'dziko lathu, ndipo m'maiko ena malingaliro oti akhale ndi moyo wathanzi amaphatikiza 100 g ya bowa wobzalidwa pazakudya zatsiku ndi tsiku.
Champignons ndi la rus
Dziko la bowa ndi losiyanasiyana komanso lalikulu. Pali zizindikiro za zomera ndi zinyama mu bowa, koma uwu ndi ufumu wosiyana wa chilengedwe. Asayansi sadziwa chiwerengero chenicheni cha mitundu yawo, malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana - kuchokera pa zikwi zana mpaka milioni imodzi ndi theka, zikwi zingapo za izo zimadyedwa. Koma pali makumi awiri okha omwe amalimidwa (omwe aphunzira kukula mopangira) mpaka pano.
Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zopanga zapadziko lonse lapansi, champignon yamasamba awiri yatuluka pampikisano, yomwe imakhala yosowa kuthengo, koma imamera m'magulu akulu. Unali bowa umene unapambana mpikisano wolima, umagulitsidwa bwino padziko lonse lapansi ndipo umabweretsa ndalama zabwino ku minda yaulimi.
Wopanga nambala 1 wa champignons m'dziko lathu ndi kampani ya Kursk "Mushroom Rainbow".
Akukhulupirira kuti champignons anayamba kulimidwa ku France, ngakhale Italiya m'mbali sagwirizana ndi izi ndi kutsimikizira kuti kanjedza mu nkhani iyi ndi dziko lawo.
Lang'anani, kulima champignons kunalembedwa m'zaka za m'ma XVII m'mabwalo pafupi ndi Paris. Kuchokera ku France, chinthu chatsopanocho chinafalikira ku Ulaya, ku Russia chinayamba kukula kuyambira pakati pa zaka za m'ma XVIII. Ndizodabwitsa kuti mawu akuti "champignon", omwe adakhazikika m'chinenero chathu, adabwereka ku French, kumene amangotanthauza "bowa".
M'zaka za m'ma XIX ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XNUMX, agrarians a ku Russia adapambana kwambiri mu champignonage. Zopanga zawo ndi zopanga zawo zaperekedwa ndi mphotho paziwonetsero zapadziko lonse lapansi. Mmodzi mwa omwe adayambitsa kulima bowa, Yefim Grachev, mbadwa ya anthu wamba, adatsindika kuti chofunika kwambiri pakukula champignon ndikukonzekera dothi loyenera. Izi zikugwirabe ntchito mpaka pano. Kunali poyambitsa kupanga kompositi kwawo komwe Hoopoes ndi Logvins adayamba ntchito yawo ya bowa. Madzulo a Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse, mazana a ma greenhouses a bowa adagwira ntchito ku Russia, bowa adaperekedwa kumsika mwatsopano, kuzifutsa ndipo adayamba kuyika zamzitini.
Kompositi yapamwamba ndiyofunikira pakukula kwa ma champignon okoma komanso athanzi
M'dziko la Russia lamakono, msika wa bowa wakhala ukugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, ma shampignon asanu ndi anayi mwa khumi adatumizidwa kuchokera kunja, makamaka kuchokera ku Poland.
Zinthu zinayamba kusintha pambuyo pa 2014, pamene njira yopita ku Russia inatsekedwa kwa mankhwala a bowa ochokera kumayiko angapo. Kulowetsedwa kwa bowa kunayamba, ndalama zidalowa m'makampani, malo akuluakulu owonjezera kutentha kwa ma champignon omwe amakula adamangidwa.
Mu June 2017, magulu oyambirira a mankhwala ake adayikidwa pamsika ndi "Mushroom Rainbow" ndi Alexander Udodov ndi Oleg Logvinov. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, kampaniyo idawonjezera mphamvu zake zopangira kasanu ndi katatu ndipo idapanga ntchito mazana khumi ndi asanu. Kuchuluka kwa ndalama zogulira zidapitilira ma ruble 10 biliyoni. Msika wa bowa ndi wofanana ndi mtsogoleri. Pazaka zitatu zapitazi, mafamu a bowa akhala akuchulukitsa zokolola za champignon ndi 18-20% pachaka. Msika wa bowa wokhala ndi gawo lopitilira 90% umayang'aniridwa ndi zinthu zapakhomo, kutumiza kunja kumayiko oyandikana nawo kwayamba. Chaka chino padzakhala chiwonjezeko chachikulu pakusonkhanitsa champignons kachiwiri. M'malingaliro azaka zingapo, msika wa bowa uli ndi malo oti ukule. Uwu ndi msika wampikisano wabwino womwe ukukulirakulira.
Gwero: https://www.agroinvestor.ru