Chomera cha Blagoveshchensk "Teplichny" chakhazikitsa mzere watsopano wokulitsa zobiriwira. Akatswiri azamalimi akolola kale mavitamini oyamba ndikuwatumiza kuti akagulitsidwe ku ma chain chain a mzindawo. Wowonjezera kutentha sanakhumudwitse - onse letesi, arugula, ndi kale, omwe amadziwika kuti curly kabichi, adabadwa. Mzere wachiwiri wa saladi udzalola agro-combine kukula matani 54 a zitsamba ndi zitsamba pachaka. Kodi ndizosiyana bwanji za kupanga kwatsopano kwa dera komanso ngati teknoloji yatsopano idzakhudza mitengo kwa ogula - Amurskaya Pravda adapeza.
Bid pa Height
Famu yatsopano ya saladi ku bizinesi yaulimi ikufanana ndi malo osungiramo zakale kapena laibulale. Zokwera mpaka padenga, mitsinje ya kuwala koyera ikutsanulidwa kuchokera pamwamba, kung'ung'udza pang'ono kwa makina opangira chipinda. Pokhapokha m'malo mwa mabuku ndi zikwatu pamashelefu pali makaseti okhala ndi mbande kapena zomera zomwe zakula. Ndipo mpweya sununkhiza mapepala akale, koma mwatsopano, monga mvula ikagwa.
Nyumba yosiyana idamangidwa kuyambira poyambira kupanga saladi. Mosiyana ndi greenhouses zam'mbuyo zopingasa, zikuwoneka ngati zazing'ono: zimangotenga ma 260 masikweya mita. Koma ngati muwerengeranso dera lazitsulo zonse zoyima, mudzapeza malo aakulu - 1,460 "mabwalo". Kukula kumeneku kumakupatsani mwayi wokulitsa matani 54 a saladi ndi masamba pachaka.
"Tidayesetsa kulima biringanya ndi tsabola m'malo obiriwira, ndipo zidakula bwino, koma zidapezeka kuti sizinafunike kwambiri pakati pa okhala ku Amur kuposa nkhaka, tomato ndi masamba."
Kwa dera la Amur, famu yoyimirira ndi yatsopano. Palibe zofanana m'derali, ndipo ngakhale pamlingo wotere. Kwa Far East, kupanga uku ndi chimodzi mwa zazikulu kwambiri.
Ogwira ntchito ku Teplichny akhala akugwira ntchito bwino pafamu ya saladi yoyimirira mwezi wachiwiri. Kuyesera kunasonyeza kuti mbewu zobiriwira zimakula bwino pansi pa kuunikira kochita kupanga m'chipinda chotsekedwa kwathunthu.
- Chifukwa cha malo ofukula, kuunikira kwapadera ndi ulimi wothirira omwe amatilola kupulumutsa magetsi, tidzatha kupanga mbewu zambiri, - ndemanga Andrey Lozovsky, General Director wa Teplichny LLC. - Ndipo chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti ndi mtundu uwu wa kupanga, sitidalira chilengedwe. M'malo mwake, tikhoza kupanga nyengo ndi mikhalidwe yomwe timafunikira tokha. Poyamba, m'chilimwe, sitingathe kukula saladi ndi amadyera mu translucent greenhouses - mu kutentha, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa dzuwa, zobiriwira mbewu kuwotchedwa. Ndipo ukadaulo uwu umakulolani kukolola chaka chonse, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimakupatsani mwayi wokhala pamsika ndi zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri.
Kukolola popanda dzuwa
Famu ya saladi yomwe imatchedwa m'badwo wachinayi imagwiritsa ntchito dongosolo la hydroponics. Iyi ndi njira ya kukula zomera popanda dothi - pa yokumba TV. Akapeza zakudya zawo kuchokera ku njira yapadera yomwe ikubwera ku mizu yawo.
64,8 miliyoni rubles - mtengo wonse wa famu yoyima saladi
Choyikamo mbande chimayikidwa kuchokera ku mashelefu 14 ndipo kutalika kwake kumapitilira 5 metres (ogwira ntchito amatumiza mashelefu apamwamba pa trolley yapadera). Njira yothirira yapangidwa pamwamba pake. Pamwamba pake pali akasinja opangira michere (amapondedwa m'chipinda chapadera), kuchokera pamenepo amayenda m'mitsuko ndikudzaza mapaleti momwe makaseti okhala ndi mbande amayikidwa.
Famuyi imayendetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito nsanja ya IT yomwe imayikidwa pa laputopu. Zimalola nthawi yachisanu ndi chilimwe kukhazikitsa microclimate yofunikira pakukula kwa mbewu m'chipindamo. Zida zomwe mzere watsopanowu uli ndi zida zonse zaku Russia komanso zakunja. Tinakwanitsa kugula katundu wochokera kunja ngakhale zilango zisanayambe.
- M'mikhalidwe ya zilango, ngati sizingatheke kugula mwachindunji gawo lofunikira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kuchenjera ndi luntha kuti musinthe ndi china chake. Kapena gwiritsani ntchito kuyitanitsa kofananira. Zomwezi zachitikanso ndikugula mbewu zachi Dutch, koma palibe, tikutuluka, "avomereza Andrey Viktorovich.
Kugwira ntchito pamanja mu "spacesuits"
Ngakhale kuti ntchito ya famu ya saladi ikugogomezera kwambiri matekinoloje atsopano, palibe ntchito yamanja pakupanga. The vertical greenhouse imathandizidwa ndi akatswiri asanu ndi limodzi omwe amagwira ntchito mozungulira kuyambira maola 8 mpaka 17. Asanalowe m'sitolo yopanga, aliyense wa iwo amavala "spacesuit" payekha - amavala yunifolomu yoteteza, nsapato, chigoba ndi magolovesi. Apo ayi ndizosatheka - danga latsekedwa.
Chomeracho chayambitsa kupanga mu wowonjezera kutentha kwa m'badwo wachinayi.
- Malamulo oterowo amatsatiridwa ndi njira zachitetezo. Ngati mubweretsa spore ya bowa ku famu, ndiye kuti kulimbana ndi matendawa kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri kuposa m'malo obiriwira otseguka, pomwe kuwala kwa ultraviolet kumalowera, kukhala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Ndiona kuti masuti a ogwira ntchito ndi thonje, amapuma,” akufotokoza motero mkulu wa agro-enterprise.
Kulima mbewu zobiriwira kumayamba ndi kukonza dothi: peat yokhala ndi perlite imanyowa, kenako ndikumenyetsa makapu apadera omwe amaikidwa m'makaseti. M'nthaka yokonzedwa, akatswiri azamalimi amafesa mbewu. Ngati saladi mbewu, ndiye ikani 1-2 mbewu, ngati mbewu mbewu - 20-30 mbewu.
Zizindikiro zomwe akuti "Lachisanu ndi tsiku lopanda kanthu" sizimakhulupirira pano ndipo mbewu zobiriwira zimafesedwa tsiku lililonse. Amati palibe masiku osayenera obzala: mbewu iliyonse ili ndi mphamvu zake, kotero imamera.
"Chaka Chatsopano chili patsogolo - ntchito ikupita patsogolo"
- Pambuyo kunyowa, mbewu zimasamutsidwa ku chipinda chomera, chomwe chili ndi microclimate yakeyake. Chinyezi mmenemo ndi 90-95%, kutentha ndi madigiri 20 mpaka 23, - anati Katswiriyu wa ofukula saladi famu Marina Bondar. - Zimatenga masiku awiri kapena anayi kuti njerezo zidzuke. Mbeu ikangodzuka, timayisamutsira kugawo la mbande. Kumeneko makaseti ali pa pallets zapadera, zomwe zimathiriridwa ndi hydroponics. Pamene tsamba likukula, timadziwa nthawi yomwe mbande ikuyenera kusamukira kudera lalikulu la kukula. Tili ndi mashelufu asanu ndi awiri mmenemo, iliyonse ili ndi chikhalidwe chimodzi kapena ziwiri. Zakudya za zomera zimasankhidwa payekha pamtundu uliwonse.
“Ndi kupanga kwamtunduwu, sitidalira chilengedwe. Tikhoza kupanga nyengo ndi mikhalidwe yomwe timafunikira tokha. Kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, sitinathe kukula saladi ndi amadyera mu greenhouses translucent - mu kutentha, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa dzuwa, zobiriwira mbewu kuwotchedwa. Tekinolojeyi imakulolani kukolola chaka chonse, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimakupatsani mwayi wokhala pamsika nthawi zonse ndi zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri, "akutero Andrey Lozovsky.
Pamashelufu onse okhala ndi zomera, mutha kuwona chizindikiro chatsamba. Umu ndi mmene akatswiri a ulimi amasonyezera mtundu wa mbewu zomwe zimamera, pamene zafesedwa, pamene zinaonekera poyera komanso nthawi imene ziyenera kukolola.
- Tikudziwa bwino lomwe komanso mtundu wa chikhalidwe chomwe tidzasonkhanitsa. Timadziwanso bwino nthawi komanso zimene tiyenera kufesa. Patsiku lina la sabata, zinthu zingapo zomwe zili ndi assortment zina zimaperekedwa. Malingaliro onsewa amapangidwa kuchokera ku malonda: zomwe mzinda umafuna, timakulitsa, kuphatikiza timapereka zachilendo zina zingapo. Timaganiziranso za tchuthi. Chaka Chatsopano chili patsogolo, kotero ntchitoyo ikupita patsogolo, tikukonzekera zinthu zambiri.
Ngakhale kuti masana salowa m'chipinda cha famu ofukula, pali kusintha kwa usana ndi usiku kwa zomera zomwe zimabzalidwa. Kuwala kwa masana kuno kumatenga maola 16, ndipo usiku - 8. Usiku, monga m'chilengedwe, zomera zimamizidwa mumdima. Inde, amafunikiranso kupuma kuti apeze zinthu zofunika kwambiri.
M'chigawo chachikulu, saladi ndi zitsamba zimakula kuyambira masiku 16 mpaka 24, pambuyo pake amasamutsidwa kupita kuchipinda chonyamula katundu, komwe amakonzekera kugulitsa kale. Mizu ya zomera imachotsedwa, imayikidwa ndikutumizidwa kugulitsa kapena ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zomalizidwa - mufiriji ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 6, kumene amasungidwa kwa tsiku lopambana.
Pali kale mitundu isanu ndi umodzi yamasamba kuchokera ku famu ya saladi yomwe ikugulitsidwa
Zobiriwira zatsopano kuchokera ku mzere watsopano wa Greenhouse zitha kugulidwa lero m'maketani ogulitsa a Blagoveshchensk. Saladi za Iceberg ndi frieze, basil, arugula, sipinachi ndi kale (kabichi yopindika) akugulitsidwa kale. Zomera 12 zidzabzalidwa pafamu ya saladi yoyima. Makasitomala adzawonanso letesi ya Romano, chard (a subspecies of beetroot), pak choi (mapesi a kabichi), satudai (letesi la oak-leaf), sorelo wofiira, komanso mizuna (kabichi ya ku Japan) pamashelefu.
Mizere iwiri ya saladi, wowonjezera kutentha kwa nkhaka ndi wowonjezera kutentha kwa tomato, akugwira ntchito pa wowonjezera kutentha "Teplichny". Zonsezi zili pamtunda wa mahekitala pafupifupi 10.
Kuphatikiza pa zopangira zake zophika, mbewuyo imapereka saladi ndi zitsamba zodula. Masamba onunkhira ndi magulu amagulitsidwa m'matumba apulasitiki. Zamasamba zogulidwa sizingatsukidwe, chifukwa zakonzedwa kale.
Komanso, akatswiri azamalimi a "Greenhouse" akusonkhanitsa "tsamba la ana" - masamba ang'onoang'ono amtundu wobiriwira. Zomera zazing'ono zimachotsedwa kale kuposa nthawi yawo ya agrotechnical - mpaka zitadutsa 5-10 centimita mu msinkhu. Zobiriwira ndizochepa kukula, koma zimakhala ndi kukoma kokoma.
- Tikuyesera kuwonjezera osiyanasiyana saladi ndi zitsamba, accustom wogula wathu zatsopano, ndipo mzere ndi lalikulu ndithu. Ngati titenga zomera zapakhomo, ndiye kuti mndandanda wonse wa saladi umene timakula udzakhala umodzi waukulu kwambiri ku Russia. Ponena za misika yogulitsa, timayang'ana kwambiri misika ya Far East, koma titha kupereka madera ena ngati pakufunika, "anatero Andrey Lozovsky.
Gwero: https://ampravda.ru