Monga gawo la chiwonetsero cha Global Fresh Market: Vegetables & Fruits, alimi adakambirana za chiyembekezo chakukula kwa masamba owonjezera kutentha ku Russia. Monga Aleksey Kurenin, woyang'anira polojekiti ku Grodan, adanena mu lipoti lake, anthu a ku Russia akusintha mwachangu ku nkhaka zapakhomo ndi tomato: pazaka khumi zapitazi, gawo la kuitanitsa masamba atsopano kuchokera ku gulu la wowonjezera kutentha latsika kuchokera ku 51% mpaka 19%. Potsutsana ndi kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha opikisana nawo ochokera kunja, opanga Russia ali ndi mwayi wopita patsogolo kwambiri. Komabe, mavuto angapo amakayikira kukula kwa greenhouses ngakhale mumikhalidwe yabwino.
Malinga ndi Unduna wa Zaulimi ku Russia, kuchuluka kwa zokolola zamasamba owonjezera kutentha kuyambira chiyambi cha chaka chawonjezeka ndi 6.8% poyerekeza ndi nthawi yomweyi chaka chatha. Koma ngakhale izi, mulingo wodzidalira wa dziko mu wowonjezera kutentha masamba akadali si upambana 72%.
"Ngakhale 2022 ikukumana ndi zovuta, anthu aku Russia akhalabe ndi ndalama zambiri pa tomato ndi nkhaka zatsopano - iyi ndi theka la masamba onse omwe amadyedwa. Ndipo pakali pano, pachimake cha kuchepa kwa katundu wochokera kunja ndi kufunikira kwakukulu kwa ogula, makampani athu akhoza kutsogolera. Koma zimenezi zidzafunika khama lalikulu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa zokolola zazikulu komanso kutumizidwa kwa madera atsopano akuyandikira malo otsetsereka: chilichonse chikuwonetsa kuti posachedwa sipadzakhala mwayi wowonjezera zokolola zamasamba owonjezera kutentha, "adatero Alexey Kurenin panthawi yamavuto. mawu ake pa Global Fresh Market: Vegetables & Fruits.
Zowopsa zazikulu zamakampani ku Grodan ndi:
kuchepetsa kwambiri ntchito kwa madera atsopano;
kuchuluka kwa mpikisano wamkati;
kuwonjezeka kwapang'onopang'ono pamitengo yogulitsa;
kukwera kwakukulu kwa mtengo wazinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kudalira kwakukulu pazida zotumizidwa kunja kungathandizenso kwambiri.
Malingana ndi Kurenin, kuti athetse vutoli, m'pofunika kuonjezera mphamvu za ulimi womwe ulipo kale wa wowonjezera kutentha. Kodi kukwaniritsa izi?
Choyamba, popeza zokolola zambiri kuchokera ku chomera chilichonse komanso mita imodzi iliyonse. Izi zimatheka osati kokha ndi kuunikira kothandiza kowonjezera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, komanso ndi malo abwino omwe akukula.
“Popanda mizu yathanzi yokwanira, sikutheka kuchulukitsa zokolola, ndipo kukula kwa mizu yolimba, kumadaliranso momwe nthaka imayendera bwino. Pachifukwa ichi, kupanga mbewu za hydroponic kwadziwonetsera bwino, komwe, mwatsoka, sikunapangidwe bwino ku Russia. Ndikupatsani chitsanzo. Tidayesa tomato wolimidwa pansi pazikhalidwe zopepuka: tidasintha dothi la wowonjezera kutentha ndikuyika gawo lapansi la ubweya wa miyala wa Grodan GT Master. Chotsatira chake, kuwonjezeka kwa zokolola kwa mwezi woyamba ndi theka la kukolola kunali 1.05 kg / m2, ndipo phindu lowonjezera la famuyo linali pafupifupi 800,000 rubles / ha. Chodabwitsa ndichakuti zigawo zaubweya zamwala sizimangirira zakudya zamchere, chifukwa chake zimatengedwa ndi zomera. Komanso, 98% ya madzi mu Grodan substrates alipo kwa masamba mbewu, "anatero Alexey Kurenin.
Kachiwiri, powonjezera ndalama. Makamaka, chifukwa cha ndalama zambiri ntchito feteleza. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa Banki Yadziko Lonse, mu 2021, mtengo wa feteleza udakwera ndi 80%, ndipo pakutha kwa 2022 ukhoza kuwonjezeranso 70%. Malinga ndi Grodan, pafupifupi, kugula feteleza kumapanga 10-15% ya mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa greenhouse complexes.
"Hydroponic horticulture imalola kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza moyenera komanso mopanda ndalama zambiri chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ngalande. Mu dongosolo lotseguka, kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza pa kilogalamu imodzi yazinthu kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi 25%. M'dongosolo lotsekedwa, ndizotheka kugwiritsanso ntchito feteleza omwe sanatengedwe ndi mbewu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti apulumuke mpaka 78%. Mmodzi mwa mayesero athu adawonetsa kuti ndalama zomwe zimasungidwa mu feteleza polima nkhaka pa gawo laling'ono la ubweya wa mchere wa Grodan Express ndi 113,932 rubles / ha pa chiwongoladzanja, "Alexey Kurenin amapereka chitsanzo.
Choncho, kupambana kwabwino mu makampani owonjezera kutentha ku Russia lero ndizotheka osati poyambitsa madera atsopano, komanso kuonjezera mphamvu za greenhouses zomwe zikugwira ntchito kale.