Agriculture, Water Conservation, Sustainable Farming, Drip Irrigation, Agricultural Innovation, Inner Mongolia, Hetao Irrigation Area, Yellow River, Crop Yields, Water Management, Cooperative Farming, Environmental Sustainability
Dziwani momwe ntchito zatsopano zothirira m'chigawo cha Hetao ku Inner Mongolia zangowonjezera kuchuluka kwa tirigu komanso kuteteza madzi ofunikira. Phunzirani za kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa pazaulimi wopulumutsa madzi komanso zotsatira zake zabwino pazaulimi.
Zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, dera lothirira la Hetao ku Inner Mongolia lakhala chitsanzo chabwino pazaulimi wokhazikika, kusunga madzi, komanso kuchuluka kwa zokolola. Dera limeneli, lomwe ndi limodzi mwa madera akuluakulu kwambiri ku China, laona kusintha kochititsa chidwi pazaulimi. Pazaka 30-kuphatikiza zapita, dera la ulimi wothirira la Hetao latsika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito madzi kuchokera ku Yellow River pomwe nthawi yomweyo akukumana ndi kukwera kwakukulu kwambewu.
Zambiri ndi Zomwe Wakwaniritsa:
Kukolola kwa mbewu m’dera la Bayannuur ku Inner Mongolia kunafika pamlingo wochititsa chidwi wa matani 2.9 miliyoni chaka chatha, kuwonjezereka kwakukulu kuchokera ku matani 875,000 okha mu 1987, malinga ndi dipatimenti yazamadzi ya m’deralo. Kukula kodabwitsaku kwa zokolola zaulimi sikunabwere chifukwa cha mtengo wa madzi. M'malo mwake, kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe adapatutsidwa kuchokera ku Mtsinje wa Yellow kuti agwiritse ntchito ulimi wothirira achepa kuchoka pa ma cubic metres 5.2 biliyoni mu 1990 kufika pafupifupi ma cubic metres 3.8 biliyoni chaka chatha, kusonyeza kudzipereka koyamika pakusunga madzi.
Kusintha bwino kwa dera la ulimi wothirira la Hetao kungabwere chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana:
1. Kukwezeleza Ulimi Wapamwamba, Wopulumutsa Madzi: Akuluakulu a m’deralo akhala akulimbikira kulimbikitsa anthu kuti azigwiritsa ntchito bwino ulimi wosunga madzi. Chitsanzo chabwino ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zothirira mthirira, zomwe zasintha kwambiri ulimi m’derali.
2. Kusamalira Madzi Mwanzeru: Malo owonetsera zanzeru zobzala tsabola m'boma la Bayannuur m'boma la Linhe ndi chitsanzo cha njirayi. Derali limagwiritsa ntchito ulimi wothirira wothirira drip womwe umasintha kaperekedwe ka madzi potengera chinyezi cha nthaka. Imaonetsetsa kuti madzi akugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera nthawi ndi pamene akufunika, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka.
3. Investment in Innovative Technologies: Boma laderalo lidayika ndalama zoposa 5 miliyoni za yuan ($ 687,660) chaka chatha kuti likhazikitse madera asanu oyesa kulimbikitsa matekinoloje atsopano a ulimi wamthirira. Mapulogalamu oyesawa sanangochepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi feteleza ndi 30% komanso achepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi 20%.
4. Kulima Mogwirizana: Midzi ya m'chigawo cha Dengkou idakhazikitsa mgwirizano wa ulimi wothirira, ndikuyambitsa ukadaulo wa drip ndikulimbikitsa alimi kuti abzale mbewu zomwezo m'minda yolumikizana. Njirayi imalola kuthirira kokhazikika komanso koyenera, kusungitsanso madzi.
Dera la ulimi wothirira la Hetao ndi chitsanzo chowala cha zotsatira zabwino zomwe ulimi wokhazikika komanso njira zatsopano zothirira zitha kukhala nazo pa zokolola za mbewu ndi kusunga madzi. Kudzera mu kasamalidwe ka madzi mwanzeru, kuyika ndalama mu umisiri wamakono, ndi khama logwirizana, derali lapeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Pamene tikupita patsogolo, nkhani zopambana zoterezi ziyenera kulimbikitsa alimi, akatswiri a zachuma, akatswiri a zaulimi, eni minda, ndi asayansi omwe akugwira ntchito muulimi kuti afufuze njira zomwezo kuti atsimikizire chitetezo cha chakudya ndi chilengedwe.
Kuonjezera apo, pulojekiti yomwe ikuchitika yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa njira zamadzi ndikupulumutsa madzi okwana ma cubic metres 148 miliyoni pachaka ndi umboni wa kudzipereka kwa derali posunga madzi ake amtengo wapatali. Izi sizimangopindulitsa alimi akumaloko komanso zimathandizira kuti tsogolo laulimi likhale lokhazikika komanso labwino kwambiri.
Tags: Agriculture, Water Conservation, Sustainable Farming, Drip Irrigation, Agricultural Innovation, Inner Mongolia, Hetao Irrigation Area, Yellow River, Crop Yields, Water Management, Cooperative Farming, Environmental Sustainability.