Masiku ano, masamba a organic asanduka mtundu wamba. Aliyense ali ndi chidwi ndi ulimi wa organic, motero amanyanyala nitrates ndi mankhwala. Ndipo kufunika kwa masamba omwe amakula mu greenhouses akukula m'misika. Koma palinso omwe amakhulupirira kuti tomato ndi nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha amadyetsedwa ndi "chemistry", osati feteleza ndi mchere. Bungwe la mkonzi la bungwe lazofalitsa nkhani "Chechnya Today" pamodzi ndi mkulu wa dipatimenti ya "Agrotechnology" ya Chechen State University yotchedwa AA Kadyrov Nurbek Adaev adapeza ngati izi zili choncho komanso ubwino wa masamba omwe amalimidwa mikhalidwe ya wowonjezera kutentha.
Greenhouses wa m'badwo IV
Ku Chechen Republic, ma projekiti angapo omwe cholinga chake ndi kukonza chilengedwe komanso kukonza zakudya zamasamba apangidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamaziko a Technopark ya AA Kadyrov CHSU. Chifukwa chake, makamaka, pulojekiti ikugwiritsidwa ntchito yopanga ukadaulo wokongoletsa zakudya za kaboni za tomato ndi nkhaka m'malo otetezedwa.
Zolinga za polojekitiyi ndi izi: kudziwa zofunikira kwambiri (zolowera) zofunikira za zomera za phwetekere ndi nkhaka mu njira yothetsera vuto la carbohydrate; kudziwa momwe ma organic acid amapangidwira njira yothetsera, kuti achepetse kutuluka kwa chakudya (zinthu zapulasitiki) za zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mapangidwe a mbewu ndikuzindikira mgwirizano pakati pa magawo omwe adaphunzira ndi zokolola za tomato ndi nkhaka.
Olemba ndi curators a pulojekitiyi ayenera kuwerengera mgwirizano pakati pa magawo omwe amaphunzira ndi zokolola za tomato ndi nkhaka zomwe zimakula mu nthaka yotetezedwa kwa wowonjezera kutentha.
Malinga ndi mkulu wa dipatimenti ya "Agrotechnology" ya ChSU Nurbek Adaev, kwa nthaka yotetezedwa, chitukuko cha matekinoloje chimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zachitika posachedwa zasayansi ndi machitidwe abwino.
"Zomera zaukadaulo zapamwamba za m'badwo wa IV kapena V zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu padziko lonse lapansi," akutero katswiri. - Kodi IV generation greenhouses imatanthauza chiyani? Iyi ndi hydroponics - chirichonse chiri pa mayankho ndipo palibe malo. Zinthu zonse za moyo wa zomera zimayendetsedwa: kuwala, chinyezi, kutentha. Mpweya wa carbon dioxide umaperekedwa mwachinyengo.”
Zonse ndi zofunika
Malinga ndi katswiri, muzochitika zilizonse pali kusowa kapena kuchulukira kwa chinthu china. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kuchita optimizing onse zigawo zikuluzikulu.
“Chomera, monga munthu ndi nyama, chimapuma. Chimapuma nthawi zonse chili chamoyo. Chodabwitsa cha zomera, mosiyana ndi chamoyo chamoyo, ndi chakuti iwo ndi autotrophic - amadzidyetsa okha mwa kuyamwa kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi mpweya kuti apange zinthu zamoyo kuchokera kuzinthu zopanda moyo zamchere. Pakupanga photosynthesis, zinthu zonse ndizofunikira kwambiri, "akutero N. Adaev.
Chimodzi mwa zinthuzi ndi chakudya cha carbon. Mpweya uli ndi pafupifupi 400 - 420 ppm - ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kuchuluka kwa CO2. Mlozera woyenera wa ppm wa photosynthesis wozama ndi 850 - 1000.
"Tidachita kafukufuku wathu," akutero Nurbek Adayev. - Wowonjezera kutentha amagawidwa m'zipinda 5 zakutali. Ndipo tinatha kuwongolera muzinthu zina za CO2. Ndipo tawona kuti kuwonjezeka kwa CO2 kumawonjezera zokolola. Kutentha kwa dzuwa, madzi, ndi kutentha zimakhudzidwanso ndi photosynthesis. Chabwino, mwachilengedwe chlorophyll ndi mtundu wobiriwira muzomera womwe umatha kulanda mphamvuzi ndipo m'kati mwa biochemical reaction umapanga zinthu za organic kuchokera kuzinthu zopanda organic. Tapanga dongosolo ndipo tsopano tikufuna kupereka patent. ”
Greenhouses - zoipa ndi nthano
Anthu ena amalingalirabe kuti ndiwo zamasamba ndi tomato "zodyetsedwa" ndi mankhwala zimabzalidwa m'malo obiriwira. Akuti amapopedwa tsiku lililonse ndi zinthu zovulaza kuti awonjezere mawonekedwe ndikupatsanso masambawo mawonekedwe abwino. Katswiriyo sagwirizana kwenikweni ndi izi.
"Kunena mofatsa, izi sizolondola. Ndinganene kuti izi nzolakwika kwambiri,” adatero. - M'malo obiriwira apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, makamaka ku Chechen Republic, njira zonse zotetezera masamba ku tizirombo ndi matenda ndizodzitetezera mwachilengedwe. Biologics amagwiritsidwa ntchito, osati mankhwala. ”
Mu wowonjezera kutentha, mbewu amasungidwa mu mkhalidwe kukhala mkulu chitetezo chokwanira. Chomera choterocho chimatha kukana matenda aliwonse.
"Ku Republic of Chechen, makamaka pamaziko a wowonjezera kutentha kwa Yugagroholdin, masamba apamwamba okha amakula," N. Adaev akutsimikizira. - Tikuyesera kupanga organic product - eco-product. Ichi ndichifukwa chake timatenga malo olemekezeka ku Russia pankhani yaukadaulo. "
Ukadaulo ndi wosiyana, njira ndi yofanana
M'malo obiriwira obiriwira ku Czech Republic, mbewu zambiri zimabzalidwa: tomato ndi nkhaka. Kuyesera kwachilendo kunachitikanso pa biringanya, letesi wobiriwira ndi tsabola. Pali tomato amene amamera masiku 365 pachaka, ndipo palinso ena omwe amafunikira zaka. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu ina ya phwetekere imakula kwa zaka zitatu.
"Matekinoloje olima ndi osiyana, koma njira yake ndiyokhazikika. Ngati muzindikira chiŵerengero cha zinthu zofunika, ndiye kuti mungapeze mfundo zabwino kwambiri, - katswiriyo amakhulupirira. -Yunivesite yathu yakhala ikugwira ntchito yopititsa patsogolo mayankho azakudya a meristemic. Iyi ndi ntchito yaikulu kwambiri, ntchito yaikulu ya sayansi. Tapanga kukhathamiritsa kwa michere njira kwa ma kubalana mphesa, strawberries ndi zipatso ndi mabulosi mbewu. Mayankho anali wokometsedwa, amakono pa mahomoni ndi vitamini maziko. Zinthu zapadera ndizofunikira kuti zamoyo zichoke mu selo. Asayansi apanga malo oyambira kuswana. Tidawakonzekeretsa ndipo nthawi yomweyo tidapeza kuchuluka kwa kupulumuka kwa maselowa, chabwino, kuchuluka kwa kubalana. Ichinso ndichopambana kwambiri.”
Matekinoloje otukuka tsopano akugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pamaziko a greenhouse complex "Yugagroholding". Chochitikacho chagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu greenhouse complex ya LLC "Rodina".
"Ophunzira athu, omwe amawona zonsezi, amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe takumana nazo," anamaliza Nurbek Adayev.
Tikuwonjezera kuti wowonjezera kutentha "Yugagroholding" ali pamtunda wa mahekitala 8.99. Wowonjezera kutentha amagwiritsa ntchito njira yowunikira yowunikira (zowonjezera zowunikira), chifukwa chomwe kulima masamba kwa chaka chonse kumachitika. Malo osinthira 110/10 kV amangidwa, chingwe champhamvu cha 110 kV chamunthu chomwe chili ndi kutalika kwa 18.33 km. Mauthenga onse a uinjiniya, kuphatikiza zosunga zobwezeretsera, abweretsedwa, zitsime zidabowoledwa ndikuyika nsanja zamadzi.
Gwero: https://chechnyatoday.com