Pamene kusintha kwa nyengo kukuchulukirachulukira komanso kufalikira padziko lonse lapansi, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira ndikumvetsetsa momwe mbewu zazikulu zimayankhira zikakumana ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana (zachilengedwe). Zinthu ziwiri zachilengedwe zomwe mbewu zaku UK zikukumana nazo ndi chilala komanso kusefukira kwamadzi. Kuphatikizika ndi kutentha kwambiri, izi zitha kukhala zowopsa pa zokolola ndipo zimatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo pazakudya zabwino, mitengo yazakudya, kupezeka kwa mbewu, ndi mtundu wake. Posachedwapa mu 2020, nyengo yozizira kwambiri yotsatiridwa ndi kasupe wouma kwambiri idasokoneza mbewu zonse zaku UK.
Kukula bwino kwa mbewu ndi zokolola zimatsimikiziridwa ndi zinthu zingapo: madzi, zakudya, kutentha, kapangidwe ka nthaka ndi chemistry, ndi kuwala. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo komwe kulipo panopo kuposa momwe zomera zimasinthira, izi zimabweretsa vuto lalikulu paulimi, ndipo chifukwa chake mbewu zikutsutsidwa m'njira zambiri. Kuti muwonjezere kulimba kwa mbewu ku abiotic (chilengedwe) ndi kupsinjika kwa biotic (tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - tizirombo ndi matenda), ndikofunikira kuzindikira mitundu yatsopano ya mbewu yomwe ili ndi milingo yolimba yolimba ku chimodzi kapena zingapo mwazovutazi kwakanthawi pa moyo wawo wonse.
Kuti tichite izi, majini omwe amawongolera mikhalidwe yofunikira ya kupirira amafunika kuzindikiridwa. Asayansi a zomera amatha kuchita izi popanga zoyesera zotchedwa phenotyping assays, zomwe zimawonetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera za makhalidwe abwino (phenotypes) zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi majini enieni. Ichi ndi chida chothandiza kwambiri osati kungozindikiritsa ndi kufananiza majini ndi mawonekedwe ake (phenotypes), komanso kuzindikira jini iliyonse yomwe idatayika kuchokera kumitundu yaposachedwa yazamalonda yomwe idasankhidwa mwasankha kuti igwire bwino m'mikhalidwe yabwino, pomwe zovuta. amatetezedwa ndi ulimi wothirira, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza.
Njira imodzi yathandizidwa ndi Defra kudzera mu Vegetable Genetic Improvement Network (VeGIN). VeGIN ili ndi mwayi wopita ku Vegetable Genetic Resources Unit (GRU) ku Warwick Crop Center, komwe mitundu yambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imasungidwa, kulembedwa, ndikufufuzidwa. Kuchuluka kwa VeGIN sikungophatikizapo cultivars zamakono, komanso achibale a makolo akutchire ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu zomwe timadya lero, zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Mitundu ya mbewuyi imayimira magwero amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma genetic, omwe atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi obereketsa kuti akhazikitse mbewu zololera kwambiri motsutsana ndi zovuta za biotic (pathogen) ndi abiotic (zachilengedwe).
Werengani nkhani yonse pa www.foodsecurity.ac.uk.