Ndi kutulutsidwa kwa USDA's Farm Labor Survey pa February 11, alimi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya H-2A pamapeto pake amadziwa malipiro ochepa omwe ayenera kulipira antchito awo a H-2A mu 2021. Nthawi zambiri, malipiro awa, omwe amadziwika kuti Adverse Effect Wage Rate, zimadziwika pamene Farm Labor Survey imatulutsidwa mu November, koma kusintha kwa ndondomeko zomwe zinaperekedwa ndikukanthidwa m'makhothi kwa miyezi inayi yapitayi kunachedwetsa kutulutsidwa kwa Farm Labor Survey, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti AEWR alengezedwe. FLS ikuwonetsa chiwonjezeko chapakati cha $0.63 pa ola, kapena 4.5%, kuyambira 2020 mpaka 2021, ngakhale pali kusiyana kwakukulu m'madera.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Akuchedwa?
Mu kugwa kwa 2020, njira yosinthira njira yolipira pulogalamu ya H-2A idayamba. Choyamba, mu Seputembala, USDA idapereka chidziwitso kuti sizichitanso Survey ya Farm Labor, yomwe imachitika mu Epulo ndi Okutobala ndikutulutsidwa mu Meyi ndi Novembala, motsatana. Kusintha kumeneku kunali kofunika chifukwa Dipatimenti ya Ntchito imagwiritsa ntchito deta kuchokera kufukufuku awiriwa kuti awerengere malipiro a pachaka apakati pa anthu ogwira ntchito kumunda ndi ziweto, omwe amakhala AEWR. Mlingo wapachaka wamalipiro apachaka a ogwira ntchito kumunda ndi ziweto akuphatikizidwa mu lipoti la November FLS. Chachiwiri, mu Novembala, DOL adalengeza lamulo lomaliza zomwe zikanasintha njira yodziwira AEWR yapachaka mu pulogalamu ya visa ya H-2A. Zochita zonsezi zidatsutsidwa m'khoti ndi mabungwe ogwira ntchito m'mafamu.
Kusintha kwa kachitidweko sikunayambe kugwira ntchito chifukwa pa Disembala 23, khothi lamilandu ku California lidagamula motsutsana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo lomaliza la DOL losintha njira yowerengera AEWR ya pulogalamu ya H-2A. Chigamulo cha woweruza chinafuna kuti DOL ipereke AEWR ya 2021 pofika pa February 25. Pachigamulo china cha khoti, woweruza analamula USDA kuti ibwezeretse FLS. Chifukwa cha zigamulo za khothi, palibe kusintha kulikonse kwa njira ya malipiro a pulogalamu ya H-2A yomwe idzachitike.
Tsopano, Malipiro amenewo
Malinga ndi FLS, malipiro apakati pachaka a anthu ogwira ntchito m'minda ndi ziweto anali $14.62 mu 2020, kukwera $0.63, kapena 4.5%, kuchokera $13.99 mu 2019. Poyerekeza, malinga ndi BLS' Employment Cost Index, kudziko lonse, ndalama zolipirira anthu ogwira ntchito m'mabizinesi abizinesi zidakwera 2.6% m'miyezi 12 yomwe imatha mu Disembala 2020.
Ngakhale izi ndizosangalatsa, chomwe chili chofunikira kwambiri pa pulogalamu ya H-2A ndi kuchuluka kwamalipiro apachaka kwa ogwira ntchito m'minda ndi ziweto, omwe amakhala ngati maziko a AEWR. Monga tanenera kangapo m'zaka zonsezi, kuchuluka kwa kusintha kuchokera kumadera kupita kumadera kunasiyana kwambiri mu 2020. Chigawo cha California, chomwe ndi dera lake, chinali ndi chiwonjezeko chachikulu - kulumpha $ 1.28 / ola, kapena 8.7%, pamwamba pa 2019. Panthawiyi, malipiro m'dera la Delta (Arkansas, Louisiana ndi Mississippi) anali ndi kuwonjezeka kochepa kwambiri - 5 senti / ola, kapena 0.4%, pamwamba pa 2019. Onse koma atatu (Delta, Southeast ndi Lake) a zigawo za 18 mu FLS idapitilira kuwonjezeka kwa ECI 2.6%. Malipiro a Ola limodzi a AEWR tsopano akupitilira $12/ola m'zigawo zonse kupatula ku Delta ndi Southeast.
The Long View
Ngakhale chiwonjezeko cha chaka chimodzi ndi 4.5% ndichokulirapo, kulumpha kwa 2021 AEWR kumabwera pambuyo pazaka zingapo zakuwonjezeka kwa malipiro. Pazaka zisanu zapitazi, avareji ya dziko lonse ya AEWR yakwera ndi 20%. Apanso, komabe, malipiro achigawo ndi omwe amafunikira kwambiri. Kuchokera pamalingaliro awa, malinga ndi dera, malipiro awonjezeka pakati pa 9% ndi 35% pazaka zisanu zapitazi.
Contact:
Veronica Nyanga
Economist
(202) 406-3622
veronican@fb.org
Allison Crittenden
Director, DRM Relations
(202) 406-3634
allisonc@fb.org
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