Monga ku US, mkangano woti masamba olima hydroponic amatha kugawidwa ngati organic akupitilira ku Europe. Izi zili choncho chifukwa cha ndalama zowonjezera zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi organically zokolola, koma pali zambiri. Kukula kwa hydroponic ndikokhazikika, ogulitsa ndi alimi amatero. "Pali njira zabwino zokhazikika, sizingokhala zachilengedwe," yankho la makampani opanga organic.
Chitsanzo chochokera ku US
Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi uno khothi ku US lidaganiza kuti cholembera cha USDA chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazokolola zomwe zabzalidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida kapena makina ena a hydroponic. Ku Europe, mbewu zimafunikirabe kubzalidwa m'nthaka kuti zizigawidwa ngati organic. Zinasankhidwa m'chilimwe cha 2017 ndipo zidakalipobe mu Organic Action Plan 2021-2027 ya European Commission, yomwe inaperekedwa sabata yatha, kuti nthaka yobadwa imakhala yofunikira kwa mafakitale a organic.
Zowonjezera ndi kukhazikika
Ku Europe nakonso, pali chidwi chokulitsa zinthu za certified organic hydroponically, ogulitsa mafakitale akutero. Izi zili choncho chifukwa cha ndalama zowonjezera zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi organically zokolola, koma pali zambiri. “Ndi njira zamasiku ano, ndi zachikale kutchula mbewu zobzalidwa m’nthaka zokhazokha. Europe iyenera kutenga chitsanzo kuchokera ku US, "atero a Peter van den Dool ndi Van der Knaap - wogulitsa magawo. Malingaliro ake amathandizidwa mozama, koma olima organic amaganiza mosiyana. "Pali njira zabwino zokhazikika, sizingokhala zachilengedwe," akutero wolima organic Wim van Marrewijk.
"Ndimamvetsetsa bwino chifukwa chake gawo la European organic sector ndi lodana. Mwina ndi zandalama komanso mfundo zake,” atero a Jelte van Kammen, CEO ku Dutch grower cooperative Harvest House. "Ngakhale zili choncho, ndizomvetsa chisoni kuti ife, monga Europe, sitikugwiritsa ntchito mwayi waukulu chonchi, wokhazikika. Zachidziwikire, pomwe Europe ikuwonetsa kuti ikufuna kupitilira organic. ”
'Tsoka ilo, sitinachite bwino kuti njira yaulimiyi ikhazikitsidwe padera mu Retail Association. Chifukwa chake ndikuti kugula kwa gawo lazogulitsa kumangoyang'ana pa mtengo wa p. Ku Harvest House, tapempha mobwerezabwereza kwa ogulitsa kuti achite nafe zovutazo. Mpaka lero, sitinalandire yankho. Chifukwa chake tsopano tikuwulukira ku USA, komwe timagulitsa ngati organic. Ndipo timapeza ndalama zowonjezera zomwe zimafunikira panjira yolima iyi. Izi ndi zachuma chifukwa sizokhazikika. ”
Ndondomeko yantchito
Komanso malinga ndi bungwe lazamakampani aku Dutch Glastuinbouw Nederland, kuyang'ana kwakukulu pa ulimi wa organic kumanyalanyaza mfundo yoti ulimi wamba wamba, wokhazikika wa greenhouse horticulture umatulutsa mpweya wocheperako kuposa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kulima organic. Bungwe la zamalonda linanena izi poyankha ndondomeko ya Organic Action Plan. Mkulu wa bungwe Ruud Paauwe anati: “Nthawi zambiri kulima zinthu zamoyo kumafuna kuti pakhale zokolola zochepa pa sikweya mita imodzi, kutanthauza kuti pakufunika malo olimapo kuti apitirizebe kulima. "Chotsatira chake, kulima organic kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe ndi kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe ndi zamoyo zosiyanasiyana. Komanso, malo olima omwe alipo padziko lonse lapansi siwokwanira kudyetsa anthu onse m'zaka makumi angapo zikubwerazi. ”
Malinga ndi Paauwe, Glastuinbouw Nederland imayesetsa kupanga njira yokhazikika, yokhala ndi mphamvu yochepa ya chilengedwe pa chinthu chilichonse chokololedwa. "Greenhouse horticulture ili ndi chikhumbo chokulitsa masamba, maluwa ndi zomera zathanzi pofika chaka cha 2030 m'malo okhala ndi chilengedwe potengera kutentha kwamadzi komanso kozungulira. Izi zilibe zotsalira pazogulitsa ndi utsi wa zinthu zoteteza mbewu komanso zakudya zachilengedwe,” akutero Paauwe. "Nyumba zamakono zobiriwira zimathandiza njira zolima mozama, zokolola zambiri pa lalikulu mita imodzi, kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono kuti zichepetse zovuta zachilengedwe komanso kupititsa patsogolo njira zobiriwira."
Tsamba lachilengedwe
Ndiye? Chabwino, ayi, osati malinga ndi organic wowonjezera kutentha amalima. "Zomwe zimachitika ku US zili ku boma kumeneko. Boma la Europe linanenapo momveka bwino za kulima gawo lapansi ndi organic. Tikukankhira ku gawo lazachilengedwe kuti tigwirizane ndiulimi wamba, "atero Michaël Wilde yemwe ali ndi gulu lamakampani opanga organic Bionext.
"The organic sector ndi yokondwa kwambiri ndi chitukuko chokhazikika chomwe chikuchitika m'magulu okhazikika, akugwira ntchito mwakhama kumeneko kuti akhale okhazikika. Komabe, pali kusiyana koonekeratu pakati pa ulimi wokhazikika wanthawi zonse ndi ulimi wachilengedwe wotsimikizika, organic ndiulimi wadongosolo. Kulima kwachilengedwe kumakhazikika m'nthaka. Sitidzasiya mbali imeneyi. "
Iye akugogomezera kufunika kwa nthaka kwa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana. "Organic imalumikizana bwino ndi nthaka osati potengera malamulo okha. Zimagwiranso ntchito yofunika kwambiri pankhani ya chisamaliro, zachilengedwe, thanzi ndi chilungamo. ”
Michael akudabwanso momwe ogula amawonera zokambiranazi. "M'pofunikanso kudzifunsa momwe wogula akuyimira pa izi. Sindikuganiza kuti ogula angavomereze kuyitana kulima gawo lapansi. ”
"Organic imatchedwa organic pazifukwa"
Olima magalasi a Nautilus Organic cooperative adziwike kuti organic amatchedwa organic pazifukwa. “Ndi za mgwirizano, za moyo, kuyang'anira bwino, kasamalidwe ka nthaka, zomera zolimba, zamoyo zosiyanasiyana, zosakaniza ndi thanzi. 'Organic' ndi njira yolima yomwe mmera umapanga symbiotic system molumikizana ndi nthaka yomwe mbewuyo imadyetsedwa ndikupatsidwa mphamvu zachilengedwe. Ili ndi gawo la mfundo zoyambira kulima organic ndipo ndikofunikira kuti mupitirize kupatsa ogula chitsimikizo ichi. Ndipo mwamwayi, izi zidzakhalanso muyezo pomwe malamulo atsopano a EU ayamba kugwira ntchito pa 01-01-2022. "
Osafanizidwa
Wim van Marrewijk, manejala wa ulimi wa Biokwekerij Frank de Koning, akuyankha kuti, “Zamasamba ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimabzalidwa pagawo laling'ono sizingafanane. Kuzikulitsa munthaka kumabweretsa zakudya zopatsa thanzi zomwe zimakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri. Ubale pakati pa chakudya ndi moyo wabwino waumunthu, monga momwe tikudziwira, ukukankhidwira pambali mophweka mu zokambiranazi. Zasonyezedwa kuti pali kugwirizana koonekeratu pakati pa ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimabzalidwa m’thupi ndi zomera zathanzi za m’matumbo a munthu. Izi zikugwirizana ndi nthaka yamoyo ndi biotope momwe masamba obiriwira obiriwira amamera. ”
'Kukhazikika sikuyenera kubweretsa masomphenya a tunnel'
"Chomwe chiri chotsimikizika ndi chakuti ulimi wamaluwa wokhazikika wachitapo kanthu m'zaka zaposachedwa kuti mbewu zawo zikhale zokhazikika komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, feteleza, zinthu zoteteza zomera, gawo lapansi ndi zina zotero. Pali mosakayikira zoyeserera zokongola, zokhazikika ndipo iyi ndi nkhani yabwino kwa chilengedwe. Iwo sali chabe organic. "
"Pamene masamba obiriwira obiriwira ali m'nthaka, dothi la biotope limakula lomwe limalola kuti mbewu zizidya mwachilengedwe, zimakhala ndi zambiri komanso zimakula mwamphamvu. Izi zimachitika m'nthaka mpaka kumadzi apansi panthaka ndipo ndikosavuta 500-700 malita a nthaka pachomera chilichonse, pomwe pamiyala yolima timalankhulabe za kuchuluka kwa gawo limodzi la malita 5-7. Chifukwa cha bowa ndi mabakiteriya onse omwe alipo, nthaka ili ndi luso lodziwongolera, lomwe silingathe kumera m'ngalande yolima chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zinthu ndi nthawi ndipo motero silingawonjezere mphamvu.
Komanso, malinga ndi alimi organic, pali funso: zisathe ndi chiyani? Wim: “Tikayang’ana kulowetsa mwachindunji kwa mphamvu pa kilogalamu imodzi ya zinthu, kulima minda yapansi panthaka mwina kumapambana. Koma mtengo wokhawo wa zopangira zopangira, mtengo wamagetsi wochotsa ndi kusungunuka kwa ma aluminiyamu ndi kupanga pulasitiki ndizomwe zimayang'aniridwa, monga momwe chilengedwe chimakhudzira zonsezi. Kukhazikika sikuyenera kukhala masomphenya; tiyenera kuyang'ana chithunzi chonse. Kodi nchiyani kwenikweni chimene chimachirikiza moyo wathu ndi wa dziko lathu lapansi? Apanso: pali zoyeserera zokhazikika, sizongochitika zokha. ”
Kukhazikitsa mtengo wowonjezera
Poyankha zokambirana zomwe zidachitika pa intaneti poyankha chigamulocho, zinalinso za mtengo. Mtengo wa kulima minda ndi mitundu ina yolima yomwe ingakhale organic imasiyana kwambiri.
Ngati malamulowo angasinthidwe ku Europe kuti awonetsetse kukula kwakukulu kwa organic gawo, pangakhale kukayikira za kusunga mtengo wabwino kwa opanga organic komanso ngati ogula angatsatire zomwe akufuna.
Gawo lomwelo liyenera kukweza mtengo wokwera ndi chinthu chokhazikika, chachilengedwe, ena amakhulupirira. "Ngati izi zikuyenda bwino, ngakhale pakuwonjezeka kwa zinthu, 'kukaniza' kwa certification wowonjezera wa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kumatha kuchepa. Koma izi, kukakamiza mtengo wowonjezera / mtengo wowonjezera, ndipamene vuto nthawi zina limakhala. ”