Genetics ndi kuswana ndi sayansi popanda zomwe sizingatheke kulingalira ulimi wamakono. Kukula kwamakampani kumadalira kupambana pakupanga ma hybrids, osachepera. Zoweta zakunja ndi zapakhomo zikuyenda bwino. Koma sikokwanira kupanga wosakanizidwa - muyeneranso kuyesa. Kuti achite izi, makampani opanga mbewu amapereka makampani akuluakulu aulimi kuti agwire ntchito zatsopano m'malo oyesera. Pali zokolola zotere mu Gulu la AGROINVEST. Pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha Sosnovka-AGRO-Invest LLC, akatswiri azachuma anena za ziwembu zoyesera za chimanga ndi soya.
Hybrid - chifukwa chiyani?
Zomera zimapezedwa podutsa mitundu iwiri kapena kupitilira apo. "Makolo" angakhale osadabwitsa, koma powoloka, amapereka mphamvu zowonjezereka komanso zotchulidwa mwamphamvu, zofunikira kwa woweta, zizindikiro.
Nthawi zambiri, kuchokera kwa makolo awiri kapena kupitilira apo, mutha kupeza mbewu zosakanizidwa zomwe zili ndi mawonekedwe ofunikira kwambiri: zokolola, kusuntha, mawonekedwe okongola. Izi ndi zomwe makampani apadera akuchita, omwe amasunga mafomuwa molimba mtima kwambiri.
Alimi, posankha mbewu zomwe angabzale m'minda yawo, sankhani zomwe zingawathandize kwambiri.
"Muyenera kudziwa zomwe mukupatsidwa"
Magawo oyesera mu Gulu la AGROINVEST mdera la Tambov akhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali. Pavel Cheprasov, Chief agronomist wa Sosnovka-AGRO-Invest, wakhala akulima ma hybrids osiyanasiyana kuyambira 2016.
“Zakhala pafupifupi zaka 10 za ntchito,” iye akutero. - M'mbuyomu ife anayesedwa mpendadzuwa ndi chimanga mitundu, ndiye mpendadzuwa m'malo ndi soya, monga kwambiri zingamuthandize mbewu. Katswiri wazachuma ayenera kukhala ndi chikhumbo chachikulu chochita nawo ntchitoyi, chifukwa imafuna nthawi yambiri komanso khama.
Makampani amatipatsa zatsopano, ndipo apa tifunika kusamala kwambiri. Timabwera ndikuyang'ana mbewu zomwe zili paminda ya alimi. Pali yabwino zinthu kwa makamaka wosakanizidwa. Koma sitingakhale otsimikiza 100% kuti nyengo yathu chikhalidwe ichi chidzadziwonetsa bwino. Ichi ndichifukwa chake timafunikira masamba odziwa zambiri pakampani. Tiyenera kudziwa zomwe zikuperekedwa kwa ife. ”
Zizindikiro zatsopano
Agronomists amasankha ma hybrids ndi mitundu yokhayo yomwe amawakonda. Amadziwa bwino nyengo yawo ndipo sangamve mawu amakampani omwe amafotokoza bwino ubwino wa zinthu zawo.
"Mutha kuyankhula monga momwe mukufunira, koma mutha kuwunika momwe mbewuyo ikugwirira ntchito pokhapokha mutagwira nayo ntchito mwachindunji," akutero Pavel Pavlovich. - Mwachitsanzo, wopanga akulonjeza kuti chimanga chidzakhala ndi wowuma wambiri. Ndipo pamasamba ake owonetsera, chizindikirocho ndichokwera kwambiri. Koma sitikudziwa kuti haibridiyo idzachita bwanji m'nthaka yathu, ndi feteleza wathu wamchere. Chifukwa chake, timatenga ma hybrids angapo, ndipo zingakhale zabwino ngati atatu kapena asanu akhazikika bwino nafe.
Kuphatikiza apo, nyengo yathu posachedwapa "yasintha", ndipo takhala tikusintha ma hybrids. Chaka chatha ndinatenga molimba mtima FAO * 280, FAO 240 ndi 250, ngakhale FAO 300. Izi zisanachitike, iwo sanakule konse, ndipo nyengo yatha panali kukhwima kwathunthu kwa thupi. Ndipo mtundu wosakanizidwa, womwe poyamba sunali woyenerera, tsopano nyengo yayamba kuuma, ndipo pambuyo pake alimi amalekerera bwino kwambiri, kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa kusalandira zokolola zomwe anakonza m’mikhalidwe yovuta.”
“Timayesa mbewu zotere chaka chilichonse. Pali chiwembu chimodzi, ndipo pali mitundu ingapo, "atero Marina Yuskovets, agronomist wa Sosnovka-AGRO-Invest LLC, yomwe imagwira ntchito zoyeserera za soya. - Chiwembuchi ndi chaching'ono, pafupifupi mahekitala atatu. Pali mitundu isanu chaka chino. Ntchito yathu ndikufanizira ndi iti yomwe ili yodalirika kwambiri kwa ife. Timaganizira za kukhalapo kwa mapuloteni. Zikakhala zambiri m’mbewuzo, kusanthula kwake kumachitidwa ndi akatswiri a labotale akatha kukolola, kumakhala bwinoko.”
*FAO chimanga ndi index yokhazikika yokhazikika yomwe idatengedwa ndi International Food and Agriculture Organisation ku FAO (Food and Agricultural Organisation) kuti apange gawo lofanana la kuyeza kwa mikhalidwe ya hybrids. Kukonzekera kwa mitundu kumakulolani kuti muwagawire m'magulu malinga ndi nthawi ya kukula, kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwabwino ndi zina zambiri. Kukhala m’gulu linalake kumathandiza alimi kuzindikira msanga mtundu wosakanizidwa, kudziwa kuti n’koyenera kulimidwa m’madera amene nyengo yake ili ndi nyengo zina zake n’kusankha mosavuta mbewu yabwino kwambiri yoti akonzere m’madera osiyanasiyana.
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