#SustainableAgriculture #GreenFertilizer #ClimateChangeMitigation #MidwestFarming
Feteleza Wobiriwira Kuti Athane ndi Kutulutsa kwa Gasi Wowonjezera
Dziko lapansi likuyang'anizana ndi vuto lomwe likukulirakulira chifukwa cha nyengo, ndipo chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zathandizira kwambiri vutoli ndi kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha. Pakatikati pa dera lazaulimi ku United States, ofufuza akukumana kuti athetse vutoli molunjika. Mgwirizano wapakati pa Iowa State University ndi Wichita State University umayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga njira yomwe ingasinthire feteleza wa mbewu ndikuchepetsa kwambiri kuwononga kwawo chilengedwe.
Kutenga Zinyalala Nayitrogeni ndi Carbon Dioxide
Chitsogozo chachikulu mu polojekitiyi chagona pakugwira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala za nitrogen ndi carbon dioxide. Zinthuzi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayenderana ndi kusefukira kwaulimi, nthawi zambiri zimatulutsidwa mumlengalenga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya wowonjezera kutentha utuluke. Komabe, gulu lofufuzali likukonzekera njira yatsopano yosinthira utsiwu kukhala feteleza wobiriwira wotchedwa "green urea."
Kuchepetsa Kutulutsa kwa Nitrous Oxide
Chimodzi mwa zolinga zazikulu za ntchitoyi ndikuthana ndi mpweya wa nitrous oxide, womwe ndi wamphamvu kuwirikiza ka 300 kuposa mpweya woipa womwe umatenthetsa mpweya. Pogwira ndi kutembenuza zinyalala za nayitrogeni, ofufuzawo akufuna kupanga feteleza wa nayitrogeni wokhazikika komanso wosamala zachilengedwe. Izi sizidzangopindulitsa chilengedwe komanso midzi yaku Midwest yaulimi ndi oweta omwe akuwopsezedwa ndi kusintha kwa nyengo.
Thandizo la National Science Foundation
National Science Foundation yazindikira kufunika kwa polojekitiyi ndipo ikupereka thandizo lalikulu. Ndi thandizo la zaka zinayi, $4 miliyoni lochokera ku Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR), kafukufukuyu wakonzedwa kuti athandize kwambiri. Ndalama za EPSCoR zidapangidwa kuti zipititse patsogolo chitukuko cha sayansi ndi luso m'dziko lonselo, ndipo thandizoli lili pansi pa gulu la "Track 2", lomwe limayang'ana kwambiri kupititsa patsogolo kafukufuku wakusintha kwanyengo komanso kuthekera kopirira.
Magulu Awiri, Mission Imodzi
Ntchitoyi imagawidwa pakati pa magulu awiri omwe amatsogoleredwa ndi akatswiri m'madera awo. Ku Iowa State University, Wenzhen Li akutsogolera kafukufukuyu, ali ndi gulu losiyanasiyana lomwe limayang'ana kwambiri zida, njira, ndi ma reactors kuti agwire ndikusintha zinyalala za nitrogen ndi carbon dioxide. Iwo ndi odziperekanso pophunzitsa alimi komanso alimi za ubwino wa feteleza wobiriwira watsopanoyu.
Ku Kansas, Shuang Gu, pulofesa wothandizana ndi makina opanga makina ku Wichita State, akutsogolera ntchitoyi. Gulu lake limayang'anira ntchito yogwira ndi kuyika nitrate, kuphunzira madera okhala m'nthaka, ndikuwunika momwe feteleza wobiriwira amayendera. Awunikanso momwe anthu amakhudzidwira potengera feteleza woteteza zachilengedwe.
Njira Yokhazikika Yokhazikika
Ntchito yothandizana imeneyi ikupitilira kupanga feteleza watsopano wobiriwira. Cholinga chake ndi kupanga dongosolo lonse laukadaulo ndi chidziwitso chothana ndi kutulutsa kwa nitrous oxide kuchokera ku feteleza mokwanira. Izi zikuphatikizapo kutenga zinyalala za nayitrogeni ndi carbon dioxide, kupanga urea wobiriwira, ndi kusanthula mozama za ubwino wa chilengedwe ndi chuma cha feteleza wobiriwira.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu Zowonjezera
Kuti apititse patsogolo kukhazikika, ofufuzawo akukonzekera kupatsa mphamvu njira yawo yopangira ma electrochemical synthesis ndi mphepo ndi mphamvu yadzuwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri zongowonjezera zomwe zimapezeka ku Iowa ndi Kansas. Njirayi ikugwirizana ndi cholinga chokulirapo chochepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya wokhudzana ndi kupanga feteleza.
Kulimbikitsa Midwest Agriculture
Pamapeto pake, izi ndi zolimbikitsa ulimi waku Midwest, mtima waulimi waku America. Pochepetsa mpweya wa nitrous oxide ndikupereka njira ina yothandiza zachilengedwe ndi feteleza wamba, kafukufukuyu angathandize kuti ulimi wa Midwest ukhale wotukuka kwanthawi yayitali komanso kuthana ndi zovuta zakusintha kwanyengo.
Malinga ndi mawu a ofufuzawo, "Kukhala ku Midwest - mtima waulimi - tidamva kuti tikuyenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti tichepetse vuto la dziko la greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide emission. Feteleza wa nayitrogeni wochotsa nitrous oxide atha kulimbikitsa kutukuka kwa nthawi yayitali komanso chitukuko chaulimi waku Midwest, ndikuchepetsa kusintha kwanyengo. ”
Pamene polojekitiyi ikupita patsogolo, imakhala ndi mwayi wosasintha machitidwe a ulimi ku Midwest komanso kukhala chitsanzo cha ulimi wokhazikika padziko lonse lapansi. Njira yatsopanoyi ikuwonetsa kuti kuthana ndi kusintha kwanyengo kungayende limodzi ndi kukulitsa mphamvu zaulimi komanso kukhazikika kwachuma.