Pokhapokha European Union italola njira zatsopano zoberekera monga kusintha kwa majini muulimi wachilengedwe, njira ya European Farm to Fork mwina ilephera kukwaniritsa lonjezo lake lokwaniritsa zolinga za Sustainable Development Goals. Gulu lofufuza zapadziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza asayansi ochokera ku Wageningen University & Research (WUR), akupanga pempholi mu pepala lofalitsidwa mu Trends in Plant Science. Malinga ndi olembawo, ulimi wachilengedwe ndi sayansi yasayansi yamakono onse ali ndi mphamvu zawo pothandizira ku SDGs; kuphatikiza njira ziwirizi zitha kubweretsa mgwirizano wofunikira.
M’chaka cha 2015 anthu a m’mayiko osiyanasiyana anafotokozera zolinga za Sustainable Development Goals zomwe zimathetsa mavuto omwe dziko lonse likukumana nawo, monga Zero Hunger, Climate Action ndi Life on Land. European Commission (EC) yadzipereka ku zolinga izi, zomwe ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa mu 2030. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya Farm to Fork, EC ikufuna kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha EU organic farming area ndi cholinga chokwaniritsa. 25% ya minda yonse yomwe ili pansi pa ulimi wa organic pofika chaka cha 2030. Komabe, ngati zoletsa zamakono za ku Ulaya zogwiritsira ntchito njira zatsopano zobereketsa zidakalipo, kuwonjezeka kumeneku sikudzatsimikiziranso kukhazikika, monga kafukufuku wa asayansi ochokera ku Wageningen (The Netherlands), Bayreuth, Göttingen, Düsseldorf, Heidelberg (Germany), Alnarp (Sweden) ndi Berkeley (USA) amasonyeza.
Zopindulitsa zachilengedwe pamlingo wamba, zotayika padziko lonse lapansi
Kulima kwachilengedwe kumatha kukhala ndi phindu pachitetezo cha chilengedwe komanso zamoyo zosiyanasiyana mdera lanu. Komabe, poyerekeza ndi ulimi wamba, ulimi wa organic umaperekanso zokolola zochepa. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, pakufunika malo ochuluka kuti pakhale chakudya chapamwamba chofananacho, koma kusandutsa malo achilengedwe kukhala malo olima ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zimene zasonkhezera kwambiri kusintha kwa nyengo padziko lonse ndi kuwonongeka kwa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana. “Kufunika kwa chakudya chapamwamba padziko lonse kukuwonjezeka. Choncho, ulimi wochuluka ku EU ukhoza kuchititsa kuti nthaka yaulimi ichuluke kwina kulikonse padziko lapansi, zomwe zingapangitse kuti pakhale ndalama zowononga zachilengedwe zomwe zimaposa phindu lililonse la chilengedwe mu EU, "akutero Justus Wesseler, pulofesa wa Agricultural Economics and Rural. Policy ku WUR. Mwa kuyankhula kwina: kuwonjezereka kokonzekera kwa EU kwa kupanga organic kungapangitse kuti pakhale chakudya chochepa, osati chokhazikika.
Mgwirizano womwe ungakhalepo pakati pa ulimi wachilengedwe ndi umisiri waukadaulo waulimi.
Zida zolondola pakuweta mbewu
M'mabuku awo mu Trends in Plant Science, olembawo amatsutsa kuti kukwaniritsa zolinga za 25% za organic farmland ndi SDG's, ndizotheka pokhapokha ngati malamulo a EU asinthidwa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito sayansi yamakono ndi njira zobereketsa zatsopano zikuloledwa, makamaka kupanga organic. "Izi ndizowona makamaka pakusintha jini, chida chatsopano cholondola chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala mbewu," akutero Richard Visser, pulofesa wa Plant Breeding ku WUR. "Kusintha kwa majini kumapereka mwayi wapadera wopangitsa kuti chakudya chikhale chokhazikika komanso kupititsa patsogolo ubwino, komanso chitetezo cha chakudya makamaka mu mbewu zomwe zimafalitsidwa ndi / kapena zomera. Mothandizidwa ndi zida zatsopano za mamolekyuzi, pakhoza kupangidwa zomera zolimba kwambiri zomwe zimabweretsa zokolola zambiri zopatsa thanzi labwino, ngakhale feteleza wocheperako.”
Mankhwala okhala ndi mkuwa mu ulimi wa organic
Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwa majini kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuswana mbewu zosamva bowa zomwe zimakula bwino pansi paulimi wopanda mankhwala okhala ndi mkuwa. Copper ndi poizoni makamaka ku nthaka ndi zamoyo zam'madzi, koma kugwiritsa ntchito kwake polimbana ndi bowa kumaloledwa komabe pa ulimi wa organic chifukwa chosowa njira zina zopanda mankhwala mpaka pano. Visser: "Ulimi wachilengedwe komanso kusintha kwa majini kumatha kuthandizirana bwino ndipo, kuphatikiza, kungathandize kuti zisawonongeke mdera lanu komanso padziko lonse lapansi."
Kuthana ndi tsankho lozika mizu kwambiri
Olembawo akuyembekeza kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa kusintha kwalamulo sikungatheke pansi pa zochitika zandale zamakono. "Opanga mfundo ambiri a EU ndi mayiko ndi magulu okonda chidwi akuwoneka kuti amakonda mfundo zokhalira limodzi, pomwe kupanga organic ndi sayansi yamakono ndizosiyana kwambiri," akutero Wesseler.
Ofufuzawo akuyembekeza kuti kulumikizana kwabwino kumatha kuthana ndi tsankho lomwe lazika mizu pakati pa opanga mfundo komanso anthu ambiri. Visser: “Ngakhale zikanakhala zongosintha majini chifukwa njira yatsopanoyi imathandiza kuswana kotheratu popanda kuyambitsa chibadwa chachilendo m’zomera.”
Kuti mudziwe zambiri:
Wageningen University & Kafukufuku
www.wur.nl