Ngati mukuona kuti masiku ano mitengo ya nkhaka ku St. M'masitolo, kuti makasitomala asakomoke chifukwa cha mantha, amagulitsidwa chidutswa ndi chidutswa. "Fontanka" inathamanga kudutsa m'masitolo ndikupeza zomwe zikuchitika.
“Anthu alibe ndalama”
Palibe fungo la nkhaka zambiri ku Haymarket - ogulitsa omwe amapereka masamba owonjezera kutentha akhoza kuwerengedwa pa zala za dzanja limodzi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ogulitsa. Koma ngakhale omwe ayesa kugulitsa nkhaka, pali mitundu iwiri yokha yomwe ilipo: yosalala yayitali kapena yaifupi. Onse a iwo ali ndi mtengo womwewo - maloto owopsa.
Kukweza nsidze mochititsa chidwi, wogulitsa akugwedeza pamtengo wake - nkhaka zazifupi zokhala ndi ziphuphu za ma ruble 450, ngakhale ma inflorescences sanakhalepo ndi nthawi yoti agwe.
“Nkhaka zili choncho. Tsopano pali ochepa a iwo, kotero ndi okwera mtengo, ndi msika. Pamene padzakhala zambiri zobweretsera, zidzakhala zotsika mtengo. M'masabata awiri, mwina, adzawonekera, "akufotokoza wogulitsa mu sweti yofiira.
Mu shopu moyang'ananapo pali njala zowoneka ngati zowononga, zofewa, zotumbululuka khungu. Patsiku la msika, anthu oterowo amaponyedwa m'madzi otsetsereka popanda kukayika, koma lero amawapereka kwa ma ruble 500. "Azerbaijani," wogulitsa amavomereza mtengo.
Palibe zizindikiro zamtengo wapatali pamatireyi ambiri - motsutsana ndi maziko a tomato pa 80 ndi biringanya pa ma ruble 100 pa kilogalamu imodzi, nkhaka za "golide" zitha kuwoneka ngati zonyoza. “Makasitomala amachita mantha ndi kusamukira kwina,” akufotokoza motero mkazi wina wogulitsa zovala zopaka mafuta.
"Mtengo wawo wogula pamunsi ndi ma ruble 420. Ndinawatenga dzulo - palibe amene adawagula kwa ine. Anthuwo alibe ndalama. Lero ndaganiza kuti ndisalowe nawo, "masharubu omwe ali pachipewa choluka amavomereza, adabetchera ma tangerines ndi tomato.
Hawkers sangachepetse mtengo wa nkhaka ngakhale usiku kuyang'ana. Lamulo loti "kungothawa ndikutenganso china chake" silikugwira ntchito lero. “Zilibe phindu kwa ine. Inde, ndikanakonda kupita nawo kunyumba,” anatero wogulitsa wakuda pabwalo la Apraksin.
Chithunzi choterocho pamsika, ogulitsa amati, chimatenga tsiku lachisanu. Nthawi zambiri nkhaka zinabwera ku Russia kuchokera ku Belarus, Azerbaijan, Krasnodar Territory, koma tsopano palibe kuitanitsa.
M'maketani ogulitsa, mitunduyi ndi yochulukirapo, koma mitengo ikuyesera kuti ifike pamsika. Mu "Crossroads", nkhaka zosalala-zikopa zimagulitsidwa kwa ma ruble 190 kwa magalamu 600, nkhaka zapakati-zipatso zokhala ndi ziphuphu - kwa 300. Mu "Ribbon", nkhaka za pimpled, zopakidwa magalamu 300, perekani ma ruble 249, zowonda zazitali zazitali. ena amapita ma ruble 84 chidutswa. Mu "Magnet", kupachikidwa kwa greenhouses zazifupi-zipatso kumaperekedwa pa 210 rubles kwa magalamu 450, gherkins - pa 230 rubles kwa 300 magalamu.
Kodi zimachokera kuti?
Akuluakulu a ku Russia atayamba kupinda zala zawo, ndikundandalika zopambana zolowa m'malo, nkhaka zinali m'gulu loyamba. Pogwiritsa ntchito matani pafupifupi miliyoni miliyoni pachaka, 94% yake, akuyerekeza Institute of Agricultural Market Conjuncture (ICAR). Komanso, kupanga nkhaka mu 2022 kunathyola zolemba zonse zam'mbuyo - 885.7 matani zikwi (+ 5.3% poyerekeza ndi chaka cham'mbuyo).
Kupambana kwakukulu kotereku kunapangitsa kuti pakhale mitengo yotsika kwambiri kuposa kale lonse. Rosstat analemba mtengo wapakati wa 66 rubles pa kilogalamu ku St. Petersburg kumayambiriro kwa September. Izi sizinachitike mumzinda wathu kuyambira 2017, pomwe pafupifupi ma ruble 62 adafunsidwa kilogalamu ya nkhaka. Kuyambira pamenepo zakhala zokwera mtengo. Poyerekeza: mu 2021, sizinagwere pansi pa 86. Komanso, chaka chatha Russia inali yodziwika kunja kwa nkhaka. Mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi matani 3,500 a nkhaka anatumizidwa ku Poland (mpaka October).
Ndizowawa kwambiri tsopano kuwona momwe zinthu ziliri m'munda wa nkhaka, zomwe, malinga ndi nthawi zamakono zodyetsedwa bwino, zingawoneke ngati zoopsa kwa wina: m'maketani akuluakulu ogulitsa, makamaka, anasiya kuwagulitsa. pa kilogalamu - kaya payekha kapena phukusi la 350-600 magalamu.
Kuwona kwa nthawi yayitali kwa mitengo ya nkhaka kumasonyeza kuti m'nyengo yozizira iwo amakhala okwera mtengo kwambiri, ndipo kawiri kapena katatu - izi ndizochitika. Kufotokozera kwachuma kwa chochitika ichi ndi chodziwikiratu - kuchepa. Ogulitsa pamsika, oyang'anira maunyolo ogulitsa, mamenejala, ndi ogulitsa boma amalankhula za izi m'mawu osiyanasiyana.
Chifukwa chiyani padziko lapansi chuma cha wowonjezera kutentha chikuwonetsa nyengo zambiri sizodziwika bwino, koma chowonadi chimakhalabe. Kwinakwake mu Okutobala, chaka chilichonse, nkhaka zimatuluka m'dziko lathu - ziribe kanthu momwe zingakulire m'chilimwe. Palibe zolemba zolemba za greenhouses, monga tikuwonera bwino chaka chimenecho, zilibe kanthu pano. Amangofika kumapeto, ndipo onsewo - ndi osalala, ndi ziphuphu, ma gherkins, ndi chirichonse chonse. Kukula kosalephereka nthawi zonse kumachepetsa mu sabata yoyamba kapena iwiri ya Januwale ndipo kachiwiri nthawi zonse ndipo kumapitirirabe, ndi zina zotero mpaka kumapeto kwa February - kumayambiriro kwa March. Zikuoneka kuti kulimbana ndi vutoli kuli ngati kulimbana ndi kusintha kwenikweni kwa nyengo.
Kuyambira nthawi zakale, kuchepa kwa msika wapakhomo kwagonjetsedwa ndi katundu wochokera kunja. Mwachibadwa ndipo apa. Kuyambira October, ndi noticeable kufunika kwa nkhaka kuchokera kunja anayamba mwaukhondo. Ogulitsa akuluakulu ndi Belarus, Azerbaijan, China, Turkey. Belarus sichimawerengera, chirichonse chiri chimodzimodzi ndi nkhaka kumeneko monga ife. Koma zinthu zochokera kumayiko otentha pafupifupi kwenikweni kubwereza mapindikidwe a mtengo pamapindikira m'masitolo athu.
Komabe, monga tikukumbukira, Russia yatsala pang'ono kusintha makampani a nkhaka ndikulowetsa ziro. Ndipo zomwe timagulitsa kunja sizimafika pa 5% ya zomwe zimafunikira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti samatha kuthana ndi ntchito yawo ngati wowongolera mitengo. Palibe nkhaka zokwanira zaku China, Azerbaijani ndi Turkey, ndipo sizitha kukhudza zilakolako za m'nyumba, zomwe zimachulukitsa mitengo m'nyengo yozizira mobwerezabwereza. Pali, kufotokozera kwa izi: ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri kutentha ndi kuyatsa greenhouses m'nyengo yozizira kuposa m'chilimwe. Osanena kuti kumwera kumawononga ndalama zingati. Ndipotu, pafupifupi mtengo wa kilogalamu ya nkhaka zochokera ku China ndi $ 1.64, kuchokera ku Azerbaijan - 1.5, ndi ku Turkey - 0.84. Palibe zomveka kuyerekeza izi ndi mitengo m'masitolo. Iwo amapangidwa ndi anthu osiyana kotheratu ndi zifukwa zosiyana kotheratu.
Kuchokera kumunda kupita ku kauntala
Nkhaka zimaperekedwa ku maunyolo ogulitsa ku St. Petersburg ndi masamba a masamba ndi alimi a "Vyborzhets" - "mtsogoleri pakupanga masamba atsopano ndi zitsamba ku North-Western dera," webusaiti ya kampaniyo imati.
- Nkhaka zathu nthawi zonse zimalowa m'maketani ogulitsa, palibe mavuto, zonse ndi zabwino kwa ife. Onani chitsanzo cha "Maginito", "Pyaterochka", "Dixie", "Chabwino", "Tepi". Onse ali ndi mtundu wawo, pali zinthu zomwe timapanga ndi zobiriwira zina. Ndi zokolola zotani zomwe timawombera tsiku lililonse? Mitundu yosiyanasiyana m'njira zosiyanasiyana, sindingathe kunena nditangoyamba kumene, "antchito ogulitsa ku Vyborg adauza Fontanka.
Ndipo ziribe kanthu momwe zinthu zikuyendera pa wowonjezera kutentha wa Vyborg, sangathe kukhutitsa msika wa St. Petersburg ndi nkhaka zokha: pali zowonekeratu zochepa zomwe zimaperekedwa pamsika, palibe nkhaka.
Chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe zingawononge msika wa nkhaka ku Russia zidafotokozedwa ndi magazini amakampani: akuti, zovuta zapadziko lonse lapansi zasiya minda ya greenhouse ya Russian Federation popanda thumba la mbewu. Poyamba, iwo sanafune kulankhula ndi Fontanka za izi ku Institute of Agricultural Market Conjuncture, ponena za "zinthu zambiri". Koma pamapeto pake adagonja ndikutchula zinthu zitatu zomwe zingayambitse kugwa.
- Mwina pali mavuto ndi mbewu zakuthupi, mwina kuitanitsa kufanana kunali kolakwika, mwina anasiya kugula kuchokera ku Ulaya, amatenga Chinese, n'zovuta kunena, - adatero Mtsogoleri Wothandizira General Varvara Serdyukova.
Nkhaka opanga anapunthwa osati za kusowa mbewu - ambiri a iwo anali otchedwa remortgaging m'nyengo yozizira. Izi zinanenedwa mu Ivanisovo agrocomplex m'chigawo cha Moscow Electrostal, chomwe, pakati pa opanga ena, amapereka nkhaka ku masitolo ndi misika ya St.
- Mitengo ili ngati iyi osati ku St. Petersburg, zili ngati izi paliponse - wopanga alibe mankhwala, kotero nkhaka ndi zodula kuposa caviar. Tsopano si aliyense amene watuluka ndi mankhwalawa. Sindikudziwa za enawo, tinali ndi dongosolo lokonzanso: nkhaka imakula kwa miyezi ingapo, ndiye zomera zimatopa, muyenera kusintha chitsamba. Ndizomwezo. Chitsamba chimasintha kwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu, ndipo kukolola kumayambanso, tidzatha, "adatero Ivanisovo.
Ndipo ndithudi, palibe analetsa mtengo wa kutentha ndi dzuwa, amene alimi siteji nkhaka mu greenhouses. Chabwino, zamasamba zamasamba sizifuna kukhala ndi moyo popanda iwo m'nyengo yozizira. Ndipo wopanga sakhala ndi mwayi wobwezeretsanso ndalama zomwe zawonjezekazi.
- M'pofunika kutentha, m'pofunika kuwala. Pali ndalama zosakonzekera, kuzizira kumakhala kunja, kumakhala kokwera. Ndicho chifukwa chake nkhaka ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri. Ndipo chilakolako cha wopanga, ndithudi. Pakalipano tili ndi mtengo wa nkhaka wa ma ruble a 5, omwe ndi ocheperapo $ 2 pa chisankho. Ndipo anu aku Russia amabwera pa ma ruble 7.5, ndiye kuti, madola atatu pakusankha. Koma boma lathu limasunga mitengo pansi, sililola kuti tikweze kwambiri. Ndipo anthu aku Russia ali ndi ufulu wobwera pamtengo komanso kuchuluka komwe ali nako, "Alexander Radkovets, mkulu wa Berestye wowonjezera kutentha ku Belarus, adauza Fontanka.
Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti Belarus ndiye wogulitsa wamkulu wa nkhaka ku Russia: mu 2021, kuchuluka kwa zoperekera ku Russian Federation kunali matani 14.5 pa avareji ya $ 0.88 pa kilogalamu. Ndipo mwatsoka, wopanga Chibelarusi sangathe kupulumutsa ogula aku Russia pakali pano. Ndi chikhumbo chake chonse, Alexander Radkovets anati:
- Tidzayamba kutumiza nkhaka ku Russia kuyambira kumapeto kwa February - mu March. Ndikuti tsopano ndili ndi nkhaka yaying'ono yomwe ikukula kumbuyo, matani 2.5 okha amasonkhanitsidwa tsiku lililonse, ndipo chilichonse chikusiyana ndi maukonde ogulitsa. Palibe kuthekera kopereka magalimoto, chifukwa palibe kuchuluka. Tidawomberanso matani 80-100 a nkhaka patsiku, pomwe kusonkhanitsa kwakukulu kudzapita.
Onjezani spoonful ya uchi. Tengani dziko loyandikana nalo la Finland. Ndi pafupifupi wopanda nkhaka zosiyanasiyana zimene ife anazolowera. M'masitolo ambiri aunyolo (ndipo palibenso ena) pali mitundu iwiri yokha ya nkhaka: "zako" ndi "zachilendo" (monga lamulo, Spanish). Zonse ndi zazitali komanso zosalala. Sabata ino, mwachitsanzo, mu hypermarket ya Prisma, mtundu woyamba umawononga ma euro 4.99 pa kg, yachiwiri - 3.69. Ndipo m'chilimwe, yoyamba imawononga ma euro 1.9-2.3, yachiwiri imatha kapena imatsika mtengo masenti 10-20 kuposa am'deralo. Nthawi zina wochereza wakhama (wosakhala wachi Finnish) amakumana ndi "zopanda malire" - izi ndi zomwe nkhaka zokhotakhota (Käyrä) zopangidwa m'deralo zimatchedwa. Izi ndi zomwe, m'mawonekedwe awo, sizigwirizana ndi malingaliro ochepetsetsa a Finnish okhudza nkhaka. Ndiye nkhaka zolawa wamba zimatha kulandidwa ma euro 1.8 ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Chabwino, nthawi zina mumapeza china chake chokhala ndi mawu oyambira "eco". Idzagula ma euro 13-15 pa kilogalamu nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Izi, kwenikweni, ndizosiyana. Aliyense amene wadya nkhaka za ku Finnish sadzakulolani kunama - ndizosakoma, kaya zapafupi kapena Spanish. Ndipo zofunika kwambiri - zazing'ono, zowonongeka, zokhala ndi bulu wachikasu ndi ziphuphu - pafupifupi palibe paliponse zomwe zimapezeka kumeneko kwa ndalama zilizonse.
Gwero: https://www.fontanka.ru